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The quaternary prevention, concept coined by the Belgian general practitioner Marc Jamoulle, [1] [2] [3] Quaternary prevention is the set of health activities to mitigate or avoid the consequences of unnecessary or excessive intervention of the health system .
Preventive healthcare strategies are described as taking place at the primal, [2] primary, [13] secondary, and tertiary prevention levels. Although advocated as preventive medicine in the early twentieth century by Sara Josephine Baker, [14] in the 1940s, Hugh R. Leavell and E. Gurney Clark coined the term primary prevention.
Quaternary prevention is the group of sanitary activities that mitigates or entirely bypasses the consequences of the health system's unnecessary or excessive interventions. [ citation needed ] They are "the actions that are taken to identify patients at risk of overtreatment, to protect them from new medical interventions, and to suggest ...
Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) administration to pregnant women is also a source of prevention in order to reduce the risks of maternal anaemia, low birth rate, and perinatal mortality. SP reduces the impact quartan fever may have on newborns and decrease the mortality rate. This method of prevention is known as "chemoprevention." [9]
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...
Alcohol is an effective sanitizer against influenza viruses, while quaternary ammonium compounds can be used with alcohol so that the sanitizing effect lasts for longer. [59] In hospitals, quaternary ammonium compounds and bleach are used to sanitize rooms or equipment that have been occupied by people with influenza symptoms. [59]
Quaternary ammonium compounds [1] can be added to the water of infected adult fish and fry. Alternatively, the antibiotic oxytetracycline [ 2 ] can be given to adults, fry and broodstock. To prevent the disease, it is necessary to ensure water is pathogen-free and that water hardening is completed effectively for eggs.
Quaternary science is the subfield of geology which studies the Quaternary Period commonly known as the ice age. The Quaternary Period is a time period that started around 2.58 million years ago and continues today. [1] [2] This period is divided into two epochs – the Pleistocene Epoch and the Holocene Epoch.