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Firefighting foam is a foam used for fire suppression. Its role is to cool the fire and to coat the fuel, preventing its contact with oxygen, thus achieving suppression of the combustion . Firefighting foam was invented by the Moldovan engineer and chemist Aleksandr Loran in 1902.
Halon systems are among the most effective and commonly used fire protection systems used on commercial aircraft. Halon 1301 is the primary agent used in commercial aviation engine, cargo compartments, and auxiliary power unit fire zones. [9] [10] Efforts to find a suitable replacement for Halon 1301 have not produced a widely accepted replacement.
A compressed air foam system is defined as a standard water pumping system that has an entry point where compressed air can be added to a foam solution to generate foam. The air compressor also provides energy , which, gallon for gallon, propels compressed air foam rather than aspirated or standard water nozzles .
A twin-agent fire extinguishing system (TAFES), also commonly referred to as a twin-agent unit (TAU), incorporates the benefits of dry chemical and foam (AFFF or CAFS) fire extinguishing agents. [1] It is most commonly used for AR-FF operations and in industrial areas with high class B hazards.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency allows concentration of 9% volume in occupied spaces without mandated egress time, or up to 10.5% for a limited time. Most fire suppression systems are designed to provide concentration of 6.25-9%. The HFC-227ea fire suppression agent was the first non-ozone-depleting replacement for Halon 1301.
Low expansion foam expands less than 20 times its original size. These systems can be installed in a variety of places but are commonly found in places where hydrocarbons are stored. Low expansion foam systems when using film forming work by making a blanket of foam over the burning liquid to both cool it down and suppress the vapors.
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