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Mother with newborn baby. The postpartum (or postnatal) period begins after childbirth and is typically considered to last for six to eight weeks. [1] There are three distinct phases of the postnatal period; the acute phase, lasting for six to twelve hours after birth; the subacute phase, lasting six weeks; and the delayed phase, lasting up to six months.
Perinatal means "relating to the period starting a few weeks before birth and including the birth and a few weeks after birth." [ 2 ] Variations in the precise definition of the perinatal mortality exist, specifically concerning the issue of inclusion or exclusion of early fetal and late neonatal fatalities.
During the birth of a child, men were rarely present. Women from the neighbourhood or family would join in on the process of birth and assist in many different ways. [108] The one position where men would help with the birth of a child would be in the sitting position, usually when performed on the side of a bed to support the mother. [77]: 130
In humans, the circulatory system is different before and after birth. The fetal circulation is composed of the placenta, umbilical blood vessels encapsulated by the umbilical cord, heart and systemic blood vessels. A major difference between the fetal circulation and postnatal circulation is that the lungs are not used during the fetal stage ...
Grand multipara describes the condition of having given birth five or more times. [11] Grand multiparity is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal health outcomes. [12] Like gravidity, parity may also be counted. A female who has given birth one or more times can also be referred to as para 1, para 2, para 3, and so on.
Early postnatal hospital discharge generally refers to the postpartum hospital discharge of the mother and newborn within 48 hours. [1] The duration of what is considered "early discharge" varies between countries from 12 to 72 hours due to the differences in average duration of hospital stay. [2]
The Search for the Beloved: A Clinical Investigation of the Trauma of Birth and Prenatal Condition, New Hyde Park, NY: University Books; Hepper, P. G. (1991). An examination of fetal learning before and after birth. In: Irish Journal of Psychology, 12, S. 95–107; Hepper, P. G. (1994). The beginnings of the mind: evidence from the behaviour of ...
This stage continues until around the tenth day after delivery. Lochia serosa which persists to some weeks after birth can indicate late postpartum hemorrhaging, and should be reported to a physician. Lochia alba (or purulenta) is the name for lochia once it has turned whitish or yellowish-white. It typically lasts from the second through the ...