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The glaciers of Chile cover 2.7% (20,188 km 2) of the land area of the country, excluding Antártica Chilena, and have a considerable impact on its landscape and water supply. By surface 80% of South America's glaciers lie in Chile.
The ice mass feeds dozens of glaciers in the area, among which are the Upsala (765 km 2), Viedma (978 km 2) and Perito Moreno (258 km 2) in the Los Glaciares National Park in Argentina, and the Pío XI Glacier or Bruggen Glacier (1,265 km 2, the largest in area and longest in the southern hemisphere outside of Antarctica), O'Higgins (820 km 2 ...
South America hosts two large ice fields, the Northern and Southern Patagonian Ice Fields, of which the second is the largest contiguous body of glaciers in extrapolar regions. By surface about 80% of South America's glaciers lie in Chile .
Today, with its glaciers largely in retreat and only an area of 4,200 km 2 (1,600 sq mi), it is still the second largest continuous mass of ice outside of the polar regions. Its survival depends on its elevation (1,100 to 1,500 m (3,600 to 4,900 ft)), favorable terrain and a cool, moist, oceanic climate.
The Pío XI glacier is the largest glacier in the southern hemisphere outside of Antarctica, covering an area of 1,265 km 2 (488 sq mi), and has advanced over the past 50 years by more than 10 km (6 mi); one of its tongues measures approximately 6 km (4 mi). The ice face of the glacier is approximately 75 m (246 ft) in height (about 30 floors ...
The Patagonian Ice Sheet was a large elongated and narrow ice sheet centered in the southern Andes that existed during the Llanquihue glaciation. The ice sheet covered all of Chile south of Puerto Montt plus the western fringes of Argentine Patagonia .
To the south Andean valley glacier lobes coalesced and spread out occupying what is today the sea of Chiloé and other marine basins. At times the ice reached all the way across to the foot of the Chilean Coast Range in Chiloé. This meant that the region south of 41.5° S was subject to a proper ice sheet glaciation during large glacier advances.
Brüggen Glacier, also known as Pío XI Glacier named by Spanish explorers after a Pope, is in southern Chile and is the largest western outflow from the Southern Patagonian Ice Field. Now about 66 km (41 mi) in length, it is the longest glacier in the southern hemisphere outside Antarctica. [ 2 ]
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