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Motility also includes physiological processes like gastrointestinal movements and peristalsis. Understanding motility is important in biology, medicine, and ecology, as it impacts processes ranging from bacterial behavior to ecosystem dynamics.
In a medicine that is administered periodically, the trough level should be measured just before the administration of the next dose in order to avoid overdosing. [3] A trough level is contrasted with a "peak level" (C max), which is the highest level of the medicine in the body, and the "average level", which is the mean level over time. It is ...
Edexcel (also known since 2013 as Pearson Edexcel) [2] is a British multinational education and examination body formed in 1996 and wholly owned by Pearson plc since 2005. It is the only privately owned examination board in the United Kingdom. [3] Its name is a portmanteau term combining the words education and excellence.
To be absorbed through the skin, a chemical must pass through the epidermis, glands, or hair follicles. Sweat glands and hair follicles make up about 0.1 to 1.0 percent of the total skin surface. [2] Though small amounts of chemicals may enter the body rapidly through the glands or hair follicles, they are primarily absorbed through the epidermis.
They include removal of the clitoral hood (type 1-a) and clitoral glans (1-b); removal of the inner labia (2-a); and removal of the inner and outer labia and closure of the vulva (type 3). In this last procedure, known as infibulation , a small hole is left for the passage of urine and menstrual fluid , the vagina is opened for intercourse and ...
3300 BC – During the Stone Age, early doctors used very primitive forms of herbal medicine in India. [1] 3000 BC – Ayurveda The origins of Ayurveda have been traced back to around 3,000 BCE. [2] c. 2600 BC – Imhotep the priest-physician who was later deified as the Egyptian god of medicine. [3] [4]
The patch is labelled with the time and date of administration as well as the administrator's initials. Transdermal is a route of administration wherein active ingredients are delivered across the skin for systemic distribution. Examples include transdermal patches used for medicine delivery. The drug is administered in the form of a patch or ...
In medicine, the Enlightenment brought several discoveries and studies that were impacted by changing ways of thought. For example, capillaries were discovered by Marcello Malpighi . Jan Baptist van Helmont (1580–1644) was the first to consider digestion a fermentation process and identified hydrochloric acid in the stomach.