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Dacryocystitis is an infection of the lacrimal sac, secondary to obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct at the junction of the lacrimal sac. [1] The term derives from Greek dákryon 'tear' cysta 'sac' and -itis 'inflammation'. [2] It causes pain, redness, and swelling over the inner aspect of the lower eyelid and epiphora.
Tears are produced by the lacrimal gland, situated just outside the eye. Blinking the eyelids distributes the tears to keep the eyes moist, clean and lubricated. Excess tears are drained via the punctum through the tiny channels called canaliculi located on the inner side of the eyes into the tear sac, from there to the tear duct, the nose and finally down the throat.
Involutional stenosis is probably the most common cause of nasolacrimal duct obstruction in older people. It affects women twice as frequently as men. Although the inciting event in this process is unknown, clinicopathologic study suggests that compression of the lumen of the nasolacrimal duct is caused by inflammatory infiltrates and edema.
This occurs because of a ruptured salivary gland duct usually caused by local trauma (damage) in the case of mucous extravasation phenomenon and an obstructed or ruptured salivary duct in the case of a mucus retention cyst. The mucocele has a bluish, translucent color, and is more commonly found in children and young adults.
Historically, bilateral parotid and lacrimal gland enlargement was characterized by the term Mikulicz's disease if the enlargement appeared apart from other diseases. If it was secondary to another disease, such as tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, lymphoma, and Sjögren's syndrome, the term used was Mikulicz's syndrome.
Sudoriparous glands, Boerhaave's glands skin: 39 Sigmund's glands: epitrochlear lymph nodes of axilla: 40 Suzanne's gland: mouth, beneath the alveolo-lingual groove [1] mucous 41 Tiedmann's glands, Bartholin's glands, vulvovaginal glands vulva, vagina: 42 Tubarial glands: posterior nasopharynx, over the torus tubarius [2] saliva 43 Uterine ...
5 Treatment. 6 Prognosis. 7 References. 8 External links. ... Some patients first thought to have dacryoadenitis may turn out to have a malignancy of the lacrimal gland.
People with dermatochalasis often also have blepharitis, a condition caused by the plugging of glands in the eye that produce lubricating fluid (meibomian glands). [2] Dermatochalasis can be severe enough that it pushes the eyelashes into the eye, causing entropion. [2] Weakness in the orbital septum may cause the herniation of the orbital fat ...