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Landau–Kleffner syndrome (LKS), also called infantile acquired aphasia, acquired epileptic aphasia, [1] or aphasia with convulsive disorder, is a rare neurological syndrome that develops during childhood. [2] It is named after William Landau and Frank Kleffner, who characterized it in 1957 with a diagnosis of six children. [3] [4]
ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. [ 1 ]
Aphasia, also known as dysphasia, [a] is an impairment in a person’s ability to comprehend or formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions. [2] The major causes are stroke and head trauma; prevalence is hard to determine, but aphasia due to stroke is estimated to be 0.1–0.4% in developed countries. [3]
In the field of neurology, seizure types are categories of seizures defined by seizure behavior, symptoms, and diagnostic tests. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) 2017 classification of seizures is the internationally recognized standard for identifying seizure types. [ 1 ]
Some people with this disorder report that there are specific sounds which can trigger their seizures. But most people do not have a known trigger. [4] People with ADPEAF may have different kinds of seizures, but partial seizures are often the most common. [6] The frequency of seizures can vary greatly from person-to-person. [5]
When seizures affect areas other than the motor cortex, other transient neurological deficits can take place. These include sensory changes if the sensory cortex is involved by the seizure, visual field defects if the occipital lobe is involved, and aphasia if speech, comprehension or conducting fibers are involved. [citation needed]
This category reflects the organization of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision. Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes G40-G47 within Chapter VI: Diseases of the nervous system should be included in this category.
[10] [11] [12] In the classical Mesulam criteria for primary progressive aphasia, there are two variants: a non-fluent type PNFA and a fluent type SD. [13] [14] A third variant of primary progressive aphasia, LPA was then added, [15] and is an atypical form of Alzheimer's disease. For PNFA, the core criteria for diagnosis include agrammatism ...