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2 use in diving at pressures higher than atmospheric is usually limited to rebreathers, or decompression at relatively shallow depths (~6 meters depth, or less), [119] [120] or medical treatment in recompression chambers at pressures up to 2.8 bar, where acute oxygen toxicity can be managed without the risk of drowning.
It is responsible for the photodegradation of many materials but can be put to constructive use in preparative organic chemistry and photodynamic therapy. Trace amounts of singlet oxygen are found in the upper atmosphere and in polluted urban atmospheres where it contributes to the formation of lung-damaging nitrogen dioxide .
Hemocyanin is an O 2-carrier that utilizes a bridging O2 binding motif. It features a pair of copper centers. [10] Structure of [Co(salen)] 2 O 2. [11]. Salcomine, the cobalt(II) complex of salen ligand is the first synthetic O 2 carrier. [12] Solvated derivatives of the solid complex bind 0.5 equivalent of O 2: 2 Co(salen) + O 2 → [Co(salen ...
The unpaired electrons participate in three-electron bonding, shown here using dashed lines. The common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth, O 2, is generally known as oxygen, but may be called dioxygen, diatomic oxygen, molecular oxygen, dioxidene or oxygen gas to distinguish it from the element itself and from the triatomic allotrope ozone ...
Solid oxygen forms at normal atmospheric pressure at a temperature below 54.36 K (−218.79 °C, −361.82 °F). Solid oxygen O 2, like liquid oxygen, is a clear substance with a light sky-blue color caused by absorption in the red part of the visible light spectrum.
Triplet oxygen, 3 O 2, refers to the S = 1 electronic ground state of molecular oxygen (dioxygen). Molecules of triplet oxygen contain two unpaired electrons, making triplet oxygen an unusual example of a stable and commonly encountered diradical: [2] it is more stable as a triplet than a singlet.
The dioxygenyl ion, O + 2, is a rarely-encountered oxycation in which both oxygen atoms have a formal oxidation state of + 1 / 2 .It is formally derived from oxygen by the removal of an electron:
Liquid oxygen has a clear cyan color and is strongly paramagnetic: it can be suspended between the poles of a powerful horseshoe magnet. [2] Liquid oxygen has a density of 1.141 kg/L (1.141 g/ml), slightly denser than liquid water, and is cryogenic with a freezing point of 54.36 K (−218.79 °C; −361.82 °F) and a boiling point of 90.19 K (−182.96 °C; −297.33 °F) at 1 bar (14.5 psi).