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The Soviet occupation of Romania refers [1] to the period from 1944 to August 1958, during which the Soviet Union maintained a significant military presence in Romania. The fate of the territories held by Romania after 1918 that were incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1940 is treated separately in the article on Soviet occupation of ...
However, during the 1950s, Romania's communist government began to assert more independence, leading to, for example, the withdrawal of all Soviet troops from Romania by 1958. [9] Overall, from the 1950s to the 1970s, the country exhibited high rates of economic growth and significant improvements in infant mortality, life expectancy, literacy ...
Indeed, "occupation" much more accurately described the Soviet rather than the German presence in Romania. Unlike Italy's earlier capitulation, Romania's initiative began to unravel the Axis. Within one month, Bulgaria and Finland also changed sides, the Slovak National Uprising began, and a failed coup was attempted in Croatia on 18 September.
According to Soviet sources, between 1944 and 1946, local authorities lost 2000 men in fights with the partisans, and the USSR had to use its forces to supress them. [1] After the Allied armistice with Romania (11–12 September 1944), the Red Army had a free run in Romania and the Romanian government did not have authority over Northern Bukovina.
On 12 September 1944, Romania signed the Moscow Armistice with the Allies, which confirmed the Soviet–Romanian border as it was on 1 January 1941. [3] Romania later participated alongside the Red Army in the Soviet-led offensive into Hungary, Czechoslovakia, [4] and Austria. The Soviet Army continued to have a presence in Romania until 1958. [5]
25 July – The last Soviet troops leave Romania, ending the Soviet occupation. [8] 14 November – Romania establishes its first diplomatic relations at the embassy level with a sub-Saharan country, Guinea. [9] Unknown – The last Csángós school is closed as part of the Romanianization of Western Moldavia. [10]
25 August – Romania declares war on Germany. [14] 31 August – The Romanian Army defeat the last German troops in Romania. [15] 5 September – Romanian and Soviet forces attack the Hungarian soldiers supported by the German Army in the Battle of Turda. Fighting lasts until 5 October and, although the Allied forces are initially repulsed ...
Comparing the Soviet occupation of Romania to that of Bulgaria, David Stone notes: "Unlike Bulgaria, Romania had few cultural and historical ties with Russia, and had actually waged war on the Soviet Union. As a result, Soviet occupation weighted heavier on the Romanian people, and the troops themselves were less disciplined." [37]