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My soul was stained. I was ashamed of myself. Ashamed being Romanian, like criminals of the Iron Guard. [14] During the pogrom 125 Bucharest Jews were murdered: 120 bodies were eventually counted, and five never found. Other Jews, not from the Bucharest community, who happened to be in Bucharest at the time, may have also been killed.
The Iron Guard (Romanian: Garda de Fier) was a Romanian militant revolutionary religious fascist movement and political party founded in 1927 by Corneliu Zelea Codreanu as the Legion of the Archangel Michael (Legiunea Arhanghelul Mihail) or the Legionary Movement (Mișcarea Legionară). [36]
The Corps, coinciding with a peak in Iron Guard popularity and influence, [3] [5] as well as with the apex of interwar industrialization in Romania, [3] signified a major shift in regard to recruitment policies. [3] [5] Before the period of persecution and Codreanu's killing (November 1938), it swelled in numbers.
In the Apuseni Mountains region of Transylvania, the most active group was led by Leon Șușman, a former member of the Iron Guard who had been sentenced for his participation in the Legionnaires' rebellion and Bucharest pogrom. The group mainly hid in the woods and acquired part of its armament from an Iron Guard band that the Germans ...
In October 1927, when a student, he joined the newly formed Iron Guard and became responsible for the Banat area. In the early 1930s, Sima participated in the Legion's "Excursions among the People", wherein Iron Guard members would promote their movement in rural areas among peasants, [ 12 ] and had become a leading organizer for the Legion in ...
Students from several Bucharest secondary schools were required to visit the site (based on the belief that would dissuade them from affiliating with the Guard). [22] Mass executions of known Iron Guard activists were ordered in various places in the country (some were hanged on telegraph poles, while a group of Legionnaires was shot in front ...
The Jilava massacre [1] took place during the night of November 26, 1940, at Jilava Prison, near Bucharest, Romania.Sixty-four political detainees were killed by the Iron Guard (Legion), with further high-profile assassinations in the immediate aftermath.
Conducător of Romania Marshal Ion Antonescu and Iron Guard leader Horia Sima salute underneath a portrait of Iron Guard founder Codreanu, October 1940 Under the leadership of Horia Sima , the Iron Guard eventually came to power for a five-month period in 1940–1941, proclaiming the fascist National Legionary State and forming an uneasy ...