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Programmed input–output (also programmable input/output, programmed input/output, programmed I/O, PIO) is a method of data transmission, via input/output (I/O), between a central processing unit (CPU) and a peripheral device, [1] such as a Parallel ATA storage device. Each data item transfer is initiated by an instruction in the program ...
A further complication is that a device traditionally considered an input device, e.g., card reader, keyboard, may accept control commands to, e.g., select stacker, display keyboard lights, while a device traditionally considered as an output device may provide status data (e.g., low toner, out of paper, paper jam).
Timeout Detection and Recovery or TDR is a feature of the Windows operating system (OS) introduced in Windows Vista. It detects response problems from a graphics card (GPU), and if a timeout occurs, the OS will attempt a card reset to recover a functional and responsive desktop environment .
DiskGenius Eassos Proprietary software Yes Windows August 1, 2023 Disk Utility: Apple: Proprietary software Yes macOS: diskpart: Microsoft: Proprietary software Yes Windows NT family: fdisk (FreeDOS) Brian Reifsnyder Free software Yes FreeDOS: fdisk (Microsoft) Microsoft Proprietary software No MS-DOS, Windows: fdisk (OS/2) IBM: Proprietary ...
In the Microsoft Windows and ReactOS [2] command-line interfaces, the timeout command pauses the command processor for the specified number of seconds. [3] [4] In POP connections, the server will usually close a client connection after a certain period of inactivity (the timeout period). This ensures that connections do not persist forever, if ...
The CPU-bound process will get and hold the CPU. During this time, all the other processes will finish their I/O and will move into the ready queue, waiting for the CPU. While the processes wait in the ready queue, the I/O devices are idle. Eventually, the CPU-bound process finishes its CPU burst and moves to an I/O device.
I/O request packets (IRPs) are kernel mode structures that are used by Windows Driver Model (WDM) and Windows NT device drivers to communicate with each other and with the operating system. They are data structures that describe I/O requests, and can be equally well thought of as "I/O request descriptors" or similar.
In the case of an interactive shell, that is usually associated with the input device of a terminal (or pseudo terminal) which is ultimately linked to a user's keyboard. On POSIX systems, the file descriptor for standard input is 0 (zero); the POSIX <unistd.h> definition is STDIN_FILENO ; the corresponding C <stdio.h> abstraction is provided ...