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  2. User Datagram Protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol

    UDP is a simple message-oriented transport layer protocol that is documented in RFC 768.Although UDP provides integrity verification (via checksum) of the header and payload, [4] it provides no guarantees to the upper layer protocol for message delivery and the UDP layer retains no state of UDP messages once sent.

  3. Internet checksum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_checksum

    The Internet checksum, [1] [2] also called the IPv4 header checksum is a checksum used in version 4 of the Internet Protocol (IPv4) to detect corruption in the header of IPv4 packets. It is carried in the IPv4 packet header , and represents the 16-bit result of the summation of the header words.

  4. TCP offload engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP_offload_engine

    TCP offload engine (TOE) is a technology used in some network interface cards (NIC) to offload processing of the entire TCP/IP stack to the network controller. It is primarily used with high-speed network interfaces, such as gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet , where processing overhead of the network stack becomes significant.

  5. Comparison of file transfer protocols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file...

    A packet-switched network transmits data that is divided into units called packets.A packet comprises a header (which describes the packet) and a payload (the data). The Internet is a packet-switched network, and most of the protocols in this list are designed for its protocol stack, the IP protocol suite.

  6. UDP-Lite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UDP-Lite

    For computing the checksum UDP-Lite uses the same checksum algorithm used for UDP (and TCP). [1] Modern multimedia codecs, like G.718 and Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) for audio and H.264 and MPEG-4 for video, have resilience features already built into the syntax and structure of the stream. This allows the codec to (a) detect errors in the stream ...

  7. Transmission Control Protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol

    The checksum computation needs to ensure the 16-bit alignment of the data being summed. If a segment contains an odd number of header and text octets, alignment can be achieved by padding the last octet with zeros on its right to form a 16-bit word for checksum purposes. The pad is not transmitted as part of the segment.

  8. Network packet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_packet

    Network packets may contain a checksum, parity bits or cyclic redundancy checks to detect errors that occur during transmission. [6] At the transmitter, the calculation is performed before the packet is sent. When received at the destination, the checksum is recalculated, and compared with the one in the packet.

  9. Encapsulation (networking) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encapsulation_(networking)

    The physical layer is responsible for physical transmission of the data, link encapsulation allows local area networking, IP provides global addressing of individual computers, and TCP selects the process or application (i.e., the TCP or UDP port) that specifies the service such as a Web or TFTP server.