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  2. Freezing-point depression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freezing-point_depression

    Workers spreading salt from a salt truck for deicing the road Freezing point depression is responsible for keeping ice cream soft below 0°C. [1]Freezing-point depression is a drop in the maximum temperature at which a substance freezes, caused when a smaller amount of another, non-volatile substance is added.

  3. Supercooling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercooling

    This is "pseudo-supercooling" because the phenomenon is the result of freezing point lowering caused by the presence of salt, not supercooling. This condition is most commonly observed in the oceans around Antarctica where melting of the undersides of ice shelves at high-pressure results in liquid melt-water that can be below the freezing ...

  4. Why salt melts ice — and how to use it on your sidewalk - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/chemists-told-us-why-salt...

    Ice has a semi-liquid surface layer; When you mix salt onto that layer, it slowly lowers its melting point.. The more surface area salt can cover, the better the chances for melting ice.. Ice ...

  5. Stefan problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_problem

    The classical Stefan problem aims to describe the evolution of the boundary between two phases of a material undergoing a phase change, for example the melting of a solid, such as ice to water. This is accomplished by solving heat equations in both regions, subject to given boundary and initial conditions.

  6. The Easy Way to Melt Ice You Never Knew About (It’s Not Salt!)

    www.aol.com/easy-way-melt-ice-never-210537871.html

    While there are plenty of clever uses for salt, including fixing slippery surfaces, rock salt isn’t always easy to find once temperatures drop lower than the melting point of ice (32°F or 0°C ...

  7. Premelting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premelting

    This idea was exploited by John Joly as a mechanism for ice skating, arguing that the pressure on the skates could melt ice and thereby create a lubricating film (1886). Premelting: Previously, Faraday and Tyndall had argued that the slipperiness of ice was due to the existence of a premelting film on the ice surface, irrespective of pressure.

  8. Police can spot differences between identical twins by ...

    www.aol.com/news/2015-04-26-melting-twins-to...

    Believe it or not, police have a real problem with identifying suspects who are identical twins -- unless you're willing to spend a month sequencing genes, DNA samples are all but useless.

  9. Twin study - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_study

    This factor was still not understood when the first study using psychological tests was conducted by Edward Thorndike (1905) using fifty pairs of twins. [10] [11] This paper was an early statement of the hypothesis that family effects decline with age. His study compared twin pairs age 9–10 and 13–14 to normal siblings born within a few ...