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Flagellate cells however have been secondarily lost in some opisthokont groups, including most of the fungi. [ 7 ] Opisthokont characteristics include synthesis of extracellular chitin in exoskeleton, cyst/spore wall, or cell wall of filamentous growth and hyphae; the extracellular digestion of substrates with osmotrophic absorption of ...
Protists are a diverse group of eukaryotes (organisms whose cells possess a nucleus) that are primarily single-celled and microscopic but exhibit a wide variety of shapes and life strategies. They have different life cycles , trophic levels , modes of locomotion , and cellular structures .
A protist (/ ˈ p r oʊ t ɪ s t /) is any eukaryotic organism (one with cells containing a nucleus) that is not an animal, plant, or fungus.The protists do not form a natural group, or clade, since they exclude certain eukaryotes with whom they share a common ancestor; [a] but, like algae or invertebrates, the grouping is used for convenience.
Protistology is a scientific discipline devoted to the study of protists, a highly diverse group of eukaryotic organisms. All eukaryotes apart from animals, plants and fungi are considered protists. [1]
Amorphea [1] is a taxonomic supergroup that includes the basal Amoebozoa and Obazoa.That latter contains the Opisthokonta, which includes the Fungi, Animals and the Choanomonada, or Choanoflagellates.
On Eukaryota tree, in Opisthokont clade, Mesomycetozoea is in the middle ("Meso-") of the fungi ("-myceto-") and the animals ("-zoea"). [6] The name Mesomycetozoa (without a third e) is also used to refer to this group, but Mendoza et al. use it as an alternate name for basal Opisthokonts.
The name "Choanozoa" was first used by protozoologist Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 1991 to refer to a group of basal protists that later proved not to form a clade. This group had the rank of phylum and contained all opisthokont protists while excluding both fungi and animals, making the group paraphyletic. Its classification was the following: [7]
Holomycota or Nucletmycea are a basal Opisthokont clade as sister of the Holozoa.It consists of the Cristidiscoidea and the kingdom Fungi.The position of nucleariids, unicellular free-living phagotrophic amoebae, [3] as the earliest lineage of Holomycota suggests that animals and fungi independently acquired complex multicellularity from a common unicellular ancestor and that the osmotrophic ...