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An initial public offering (IPO) or stock launch is a public offering in which shares of a company are sold to institutional investors [1] and usually also to retail (individual) investors. [2] An IPO is typically underwritten by one or more investment banks , who also arrange for the shares to be listed on one or more stock exchanges .
Before Facebook's IPO, the book building process was used to determine how much the stock was worth before it was sold to the public. Morgan Stanley was the lead investor for Facebook's IPO. Initially, the stock was thought to be determined between $28 and $35 a share.
A public offering is the offering of securities of a company or a similar corporation to the public. Generally, the securities are to be publicly listed. In most jurisdictions, a public offering requires the issuing company to publish a prospectus detailing the terms and rights attached to the offered security, as well as information on the company itself and its finances.
IPO underpricing is the increase in stock value from the initial offering price to the first-day closing price. Many believe that underpriced IPOs leave money on the table for corporations, but some believe that underpricing is inevitable. Investors state that underpricing signals high interest to the market which increases the demand.
The primary market is the part of the capital market that deals with the issuance and sale of securities to purchasers directly by the issuer, with the issuer being paid the proceeds. [1] A primary market means the market for new issues of securities, as distinguished from the secondary market, where previously issued securities are bought and ...
In corporate finance, Equity Capital Market is an investment banking activity consisting in advising companies, also referred to as issuers, to raise equity on capital markets. [5] ECM consists in preparing the equity issues, from designing the equity story and marketing materials of the proposed transaction to placing the underlying equity ...
This process is called an initial public offering, or IPO. By selling shares they can sell part or all of the company to many part-owners. The purchase of one share entitles the owner of that share to literally share in the ownership of the company, a fraction of the decision-making power, and potentially a fraction of the profits, which the ...
According to market research in the US, 980 transactions have closed totaling $88.3 billion in gross proceeds during the nine months ended September 30, 2008, putting the market on pace for yet another record year.” [1] This compares with 1,106 such deals in 2000, raising $24.3 billion and 1,301 PIPE deals in the U.S. raising a total of $20 ...