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A cipher machine developed for Japanese naval attaché ciphers, similar to JADE. It was not used extensively, [5] [6] but Vice Admiral Katsuo Abe, a Japanese representative to the Axis Tripartite Military Commission, passed considerable information about German deployments in CORAL, intelligence "essential for Allied military decision making in the European Theater."
JADE was the codename given by US codebreakers to a Japanese World War II cipher machine. The Imperial Japanese Navy used the machine for communications from late 1942 until 1944. JADE was similar to another cipher machine, CORAL, with the main difference that JADE was used to encipher messages in katakana using an alphabet of 50 symbols.
The word 印 ("yìn" in Mandarin, "in" in Japanese and Korean, "ấn" and "in" in Vietnamese) specifically refers to the imprint created by the seal, as well as appearing in combination with other morphemes in words related to any printing, as in the word "印刷", "printing", pronounced "yìnshuā" in Mandarin, "insatsu" in Japanese.
Analog of the Japanese Type B Cipher Machine (codenamed Purple) built by the U.S. Army Signal Intelligence Service Purple analog in use. In the history of cryptography, the "System 97 Typewriter for European Characters" (九七式欧文印字機 kyūnana-shiki ōbun injiki) or "Type B Cipher Machine", codenamed Purple by the United States, was an encryption machine used by the Japanese Foreign ...
Japanese Navy ORANGE cryptographic device captured by US Navy. In the history of cryptography, 91-shiki ōbun injiki (九一式欧文印字機, "System 91 Typewriter for European Characters") or Angōki Taipu-A (暗号機 タイプA, "Type A Cipher Machine"), codenamed Red by the United States, was a diplomatic cryptographic machine used by the Japanese Foreign Office before and during World ...
In modern times, Chinese printing continued the tradition begun in medieval times. Black-and-white woodcuts were generally replaced by colored ones, achieved by printing successive runs with different inks. Between the end of the 16th and the beginning of the 17th century, three—and five—color prints appeared.
Singapore was the foremost British military base and economic port in South–East Asia and had been of great importance to British interwar defence strategy. Singapore was considered so important that Prime Minister Winston Churchill ordered the British Lieutenant-General, Arthur Percival, to fight to the last man. Percival commanded 85,000 ...
The English name Singapore comes from the Malay name Singapura which is believed to have been derived from Sanskrit meaning "Lion City". [2] [3] Singa comes from the Sanskrit word siṃha (सिंह), which means "lion", and pūra means "city" in Sanskrit and is a common suffix in many Indian place names. [4]