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Avoidant personality disorder (AvPD), or anxious personality disorder, is a cluster C personality disorder characterized by excessive social anxiety and inhibition, fear of intimacy (despite an intense desire for it), severe feelings of inadequacy and inferiority, and an overreliance on avoidance of feared stimuli (e.g., self-imposed social isolation) as a maladaptive coping method. [1]
Therapists outline the four different attachment styles—secure, anxious, avoidant, and fearful-avoidant—plus how to identify yours, cope, and change it.
Contrary to the avoidant personality disorder, the counterphobic represents the less usual, but not totally uncommon, response of seeking out what is feared. [2] Codependents may fall into a subcategory of this group, hiding their fears of attachment in over-dependency.
Fearful-avoidant attachment patterns of behavior are demonstrated by those possessing an unstable or fluctuating view of self and others. [22] People with losses or other trauma, such as abuse in childhood and adolescence, may develop this type of attachment [28] and tend to agree with the following statements: [23]
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Stonewalling is a refusal to communicate or cooperate. Such behaviour occurs in situations such as marriage counselling , diplomatic negotiations , politics and legal cases. [ 1 ] Body language may indicate and reinforce this by avoiding contact and engagement with the other party. [ 2 ]
In adulthood, they hold a positive model of self and others, therefore, feeling comfortable with intimacy and autonomy. On the contrary, adults who develop a fearful-avoidant internal working model (negative self, negative others) construct defense mechanisms in order to protect themselves from being rejected by others.
Specific phobia is an anxiety disorder, characterized by an extreme, unreasonable, and irrational fear associated with a specific object, situation, or concept which poses little or no actual danger. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Specific phobia can lead to avoidance of the object or situation, persistence of the fear, and significant distress or problems ...