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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 13 November 2024. This article is about the human urinary system. For urinary systems of other vertebrates, see Urinary systems of birds, urinary systems of reptiles, and urinary systems of amphibians. Anatomical system consisting of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and the urethra Urinary system 1 ...
Urine is excreted through the renal papillae into the calyces and then into the pelvis, ureter, and bladder. [62] [28] Then it is excreted outside through the urethra. [64] In monotremes, the ureters open into the urogenital sinus, which is connected to the urinary bladder and cloaca, [65] and urine is excreted into the cloaca instead of the ...
Urology addresses diseases of kidney (and urinary tract) anatomy: these include cancer, renal cysts, kidney stones and ureteral stones, and urinary tract obstruction. [7] The word “renal” is an adjective meaning “relating to the kidneys”, and its roots are French or late Latin. Whereas according to some opinions, "renal" should be ...
It is classically described that there are three sites in the ureter where a kidney stone will commonly become stuck: where the ureter meets the renal pelvis; where the iliac blood vessels cross the ureters; and where the ureters enter the urinary bladder, [9] however a retrospective case study, which is a primary source, of where stones lodged ...
The bladder has three openings. The two ureters enter the bladder at ureteric orifices, and the urethra enters at the trigone of the bladder. These ureteric openings have mucosal flaps in front of them that act as valves in preventing the backflow of urine into the ureters, [6] known as vesicoureteral reflux.
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918) ^ Walter F. Boron (2004). Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approach .
Excretory system: kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra involved in fluid balance, electrolyte balance and excretion of urine. Lymphatic system : structures involved in the transfer of lymph between tissues and the blood stream , the lymph and the nodes and vessels that transport it including the immune system : defending against disease ...
Generally, urine produced by the cortex and medulla drains from the papillae into the calyces, and then into the renal pelvis, from which urine exits the kidney through the ureter. [7] [10] Nitrogen-containing waste products are excreted by the kidneys in mammals mainly in the form of urea. [11] The structure of the kidney differs between ...