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NASA Langley's Hypersonic Facilities Complex, 1969. A hypersonic wind tunnel is designed to generate a hypersonic flow field in the working section, thus simulating the typical flow features of this flow regime - including compression shocks and pronounced boundary layer effects, entropy layer and viscous interaction zones and most importantly high total temperatures of the flow.
Part of the UK National Wind Tunnel Facility: CRIACIV Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel - University of Florence [25] Operational 2.44 m × 1.6 m × 10 m (8 ft 0 in × 5 ft 3 in × 32 ft 10 in) Building, bridges, general purpose Italy Closed circuit wind tunnel, T-shaped diffuser, one atmospheric test section (max speed 31 m/s [100 ft/s]).
The facility was designed to provide ground-based simulations of supersonic and hypersonic flight conditions. The combustion air heater can provide total pressures from 200 psia to 2,800 psia (13.6 atm to 190.5 atm) and a total temperatures from 1,200°R to 4,700°R (667 K to 2,611 K).
It is a free piston shock tunnel located at California Institute of Technology, USA. It is the largest free-piston shock tunnel in the world at a university. It is an impulse facility capable of reaching very high stagnation enthalpies (25 MJ/kg) and pressures (40 MPa). The test time is on the order of 1 ms.
Ft. McArthur Tunnel Complex: an abandoned World War II network connecting fortifications in San Pedro, CA. [10] The Lawson Adit is a tunnel constructed underneath UC Berkeley into the Berkeley Hills in the early 1900s for student mining research. [11] US Dept. of Defense Tunnel Warfare Center, China Lake [12] [13]
In January 2010, ATK's Center for Energy and Aerospace Innovation (CEAI) was dedicated at GASL to develop clean energy technologies. [14] One project, funded by the US Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) uses experience from hypersonic wind tunnel tests to improve CO 2 capture from power plants.
One of the main items was a new U.S. center for the study and development of jet propulsion, supersonic aircraft, and ballistic missiles, a center I hoped would be greater than any then known. The proposal had actually begun after Frank Wattendorf 's 1945 visit to the huge wind tunnel at Ötztal , Austria, which was bigger and more powerful ...
The HEAT-H2 Test Unit is an arc-heated aerothermal tunnel providing high-enthalpy flow at high Mach numbers and dynamic pressures simulating hypersonic flight at pressure altitudes up to 120 atm. H2 utilitzes an N-4 Huels-type arc heater to generate high-temperature, high-pressure air for expansion through a hypersonic nozzle into the evacuated test cell.