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The Chinese in Sabah can be divided into three main groups: Hakka, Cantonese, and Hokkien. The Hakka form the majority of Chinese in Sabah, [54] followed by the Cantonese and Hokkien. [25] There is also a community of northern Chinese in the state, most of whom identify as Tianjin ren (people from Tianjin). [55]
While "Sino" commonly refers to denote individuals with mixed Chinese and Kadazan-Dusun or Murut heritage, it is occasionally extended for other biracial Sabahan people that have Chinese ancestry, such as Sino-Bajau, Sino-Brunei and Sino-Bisaya. [5] [6] However, such extensions are rare and occur infrequently within Sabah's ethnic landscape.
In the 1990s, the Hakkas formed around 57% of the total ethnic Chinese population in Sabah. [54] Hakka is the lingua franca among the Chinese in Sabah to such an extent that Chinese of other subgroups who migrate to Sabah from other states in Malaysia and elsewhere usually learn the Hakka dialect, with varying degrees of fluency. [55]
The people of Kota Kinabalu mainly speak Malay, with a distinct Sabahan creole. [53] However, as about 20% of Kota Kinabalu residents are of Chinese descent, [54] [60] Chinese is also widely spoken. Among the Chinese, the most commonly spoken varieties are Huiyang Hakka (Simplified Chinese: 惠阳客家话; Traditional Chinese: 惠陽客家話 ...
Many Suluk people had moved to North Borneo during this period due to the Spanish invasion of the Sulu Archipelago. [35] Beginning 1920, more Chinese migrants arrived from the provinces of Guangdong, Fujian and even Hebei after the British changed its immigration policy to stimulate the stagnant economy during that period. [36]
Chinese migration to Labuan and North Borneo was largely confined to the agricultural sector; migration to the Raj of Sarawak was largely restricted to the mining and agricultural sectors. [45] [46] Rajah Charles Brooke of Sarawak promoted the migration of Chinese and Dayak people to interior Sarawak to develop the region.
Sabah is divided into five administrative divisions and 27 districts. Malay is the official language of the state; [21] [22] and Islam is the state religion, but other religions may be practised. [23] Sabah is known for its traditional musical instrument, the sompoton. Sabah has abundant natural resources, and its economy is strongly export ...
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