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  2. Shader - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shader

    In computer graphics, a shader is a computer program that calculates the appropriate levels of light, darkness, and color during the rendering of a 3D scene—a process known as shading. Shaders have evolved to perform a variety of specialized functions in computer graphics special effects and video post-processing , as well as general-purpose ...

  3. List of common shading algorithms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_common_shading...

    Subsurface scattering is an indirect form of reflection where some of the light is transmitted into a semi-transparent material, scattered under the surface and bounced back out again.

  4. Glossary of computer graphics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_computer_graphics

    Graphics represented as a rectangular grid of pixels. Rasterization Converting vector graphics to raster graphics. This terms also denotes a common method of rendering 3D models in real time. Ray casting Rendering by casting non-recursive rays from the camera into the scene. 2D ray casting is a 2.5D rendering method. Ray marching

  5. Shading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shading

    Shading refers to the depiction of depth perception in 3D models (within the field of 3D computer graphics) or illustrations (in visual art) by varying the level of darkness. [1] Shading tries to approximate local behavior of light on the object's surface and is not to be confused with techniques of adding shadows, such as shadow mapping or ...

  6. Render output unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Render_output_unit

    In computer graphics, the render output unit (ROP) or raster operations pipeline is a hardware component in modern graphics processing units (GPUs) and one of the final steps in the rendering process of modern graphics cards.

  7. Computer graphics lighting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_graphics_lighting

    Computer graphics lighting is the collection of techniques used to simulate light in computer graphics scenes. While lighting techniques offer flexibility in the level of detail and functionality available, they also operate at different levels of computational demand and complexity. Graphics artists can choose from a variety of light sources ...

  8. Deferred shading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deferred_shading

    In the field of 3D computer graphics, deferred shading is a screen-space shading technique that is performed on a second rendering pass, after the vertex and pixel shaders are rendered. [2] It was first suggested by Michael Deering in 1988. [3] On the first pass of a deferred shader, only data that is required for shading computation is gathered.

  9. Bloom (shader effect) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_(shader_effect)

    Bloom (sometimes referred to as light bloom or glow) is a computer graphics effect used in video games, demos, and high-dynamic-range rendering (HDRR) to reproduce an imaging artifact of real-world cameras. The effect produces fringes (or feathers) of light extending from the borders of bright areas in an image, contributing to the illusion of ...