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The Epsom Cluster, also referred to as the Horton Estate, was a cluster or group of five large psychiatric hospitals situated on land to the west of Epsom. [ 1 ] The hospitals were built by the London County Council [ 1 ] to alleviate pressure on London's existing lunatic asylums, which had by this time become overcrowded.
The only surviving part of the original temporary ward buildings, photographed in 2009. The first of the Epsom Cluster to open on the Horton Manor estate, the Manor Hospital was developed around the existing Horton Manor House between 1896 and 1899 to the design of William C. Clifford-Smith, Architect to the London County Council.
The Horton Light Railway had its origins in a contractor's line (the Ewell & Long Grove Railway) built in 1905 to transport building materials, coal and other supplies for London County Council's Epsom Cluster of psychiatric hospitals in the Horton area to the North-West of the town of Epsom. [1]
It was opened in 1902 and was the second hospital in the Epsom Cluster, a group of five mental institutions on the Horton Estate to the west of Epsom. [1] During the two World Wars the hospital was commandeered as a military hospital and the existing patients were transferred elsewhere. [2]
The hospital was commissioned by the London County Council and was the fourth institution of the Epsom Cluster of Hospitals. [1] It was designed by George Thomas Hine; re-use of existing plans from other asylums allowed the council to pass the plans through the development stage and approval by the Commissioners in Lunacy faster than a new plan.
The hospital seems to have been so-called because of its location to the west of the landscaped parkland formerly associated with Horton Manor (later the Manor Hospital). Although sometimes called an ' asylum ' by urban explorers and the media, [ 1 ] West Park was never officially termed as such, having opened as West Park Mental Hospital in 1923.
Horton is situated on a gentle incline running South-south west from West Ewell to Epsom Common, along Horton Lane and Horton Country Park. The lowest part of Horton is at 27 m (89 ft) where the Horton Stream (a tributary of the Hogsmill River) flows out of the north-east of Horton Country Park adjacent to Chessington Road (B284). The highest ...
St. Ebba's was the third hospital to be built within the Epsom Cluster, opening in 1904.The colony was designed for the London County Council by William C. Clifford Smith and constructed at a cost of £98,000 to house a total of 326 epileptic patients, 60 of whom were female. [1]