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  2. Methods of computing square roots - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_computing...

    A method analogous to piece-wise linear approximation but using only arithmetic instead of algebraic equations, uses the multiplication tables in reverse: the square root of a number between 1 and 100 is between 1 and 10, so if we know 25 is a perfect square (5 × 5), and 36 is a perfect square (6 × 6), then the square root of a number greater than or equal to 25 but less than 36, begins with ...

  3. Standard deviation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation

    A little algebra shows that the distance between P and M (which is the same as the orthogonal distance between P and the line L) (¯) is equal to the standard deviation of the vector (x 1, x 2, x 3), multiplied by the square root of the number of dimensions of the vector (3 in this case).

  4. Algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm

    Flowchart of using successive subtractions to find the greatest common divisor of number r and s. In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm (/ ˈ æ l ɡ ə r ɪ ð əm / ⓘ) is a finite sequence of mathematically rigorous instructions, typically used to solve a class of specific problems or to perform a computation. [1]

  5. Rounding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rounding

    Rounding a number x to the nearest integer requires some tie ... 0 +1.5 0.05 +1.5 0.05 ... reputable math libraries compute elementary transcendental functions ...

  6. Floating-point arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating-point_arithmetic

    He stated that numbers will be stored in exponential format as n x 10, and offered three rules by which consistent manipulation of floating-point numbers by machines could be implemented. For Torres, " n will always be the same number of digits (e.g. six), the first digit of n will be of order of tenths, the second of hundredths, etc, and one ...

  7. Exponential growth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_growth

    So for an algorithm of time complexity 2 x, if a problem of size x = 10 requires 10 seconds to complete, and a problem of size x = 11 requires 20 seconds, then a problem of size x = 12 will require 40 seconds. This kind of algorithm typically becomes unusable at very small problem sizes, often between 30 and 100 items (most computer algorithms ...

  8. Bayes' theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayes'_theorem

    Bayes' theorem applied to an event space generated by continuous random variables X and Y with known probability distributions. There exists an instance of Bayes' theorem for each point in the domain. In practice, these instances might be parametrized by writing the specified probability densities as a function of x and y.

  9. Omega - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omega

    In set theory, ω is the ordinal number [13] A primitive root of unity, like the complex cube roots of 1; The Wright Omega function [14] A generic differential form; In number theory, ω(n) is the number of distinct prime divisors of n; In number theory, an arithmetic function; In combinatory logic, the self-application combinator, (λ x. x x)