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Also abbreviated Jah, the most common name of God in the Hebrew Bible is the Tetragrammaton, יהוה, which is usually transliterated as YHWH. The Hebrew script is an abjad, and thus vowels are often omitted in writing. YHWH is usually expanded to Yahweh in English. [11] Modern Rabbinical Jewish culture judges it forbidden to pronounce this name.
In the Hebrew Bible, the Tetragrammaton occurs 6828 times, [43]: 142 as can be seen in Kittel's Biblia Hebraica and the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia. In addition, the marginal notes or masorah [note 3] indicate that in another 134 places, where the received text has the word Adonai, an earlier text had the Tetragrammaton.
An example is the Holy Name Bible by Angelo B. Traina, whose publishing company, The Scripture Research Association, released the New Testament portion in 1950. On the grounds that the New Testament was originally written not in Greek but in Hebrew, he substituted "Yahweh" for the manuscripts' Κύριος.
The "Sons of God" are mentioned in the Hebrew Bible at Genesis 6:1–4. 1 And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them, 2 That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose.
The term "Son of God" is used in the Hebrew Bible as another way to refer to humans who have a special relationship with God. In Exodus, the nation of Israel is called God's firstborn son. [2] Solomon is also called "son of God". [3] [4] Angels, just and pious men, and the kings of Israel are all called "sons of God." [5]
[2] Otto Eissfeldt theorizes that adonai is a post positive element attested to in Ugaritic writing. He points to the myth of the struggle between Baal and Yam as evidence. [1]: 531 Some theorize that adonai was originally an epithet of the god Yahweh depicted as the chief antagonist of "the Baʿals" in the Tanakh.
Abijah – Yahweh is my father (2 Chron. 13:3) Adaiah – ornament of Yahweh Adonijah – my lord is Yahweh Ahaziah – vision of Yahweh Ahiah – brother of Yahweh Ahijah – brother of Yahweh Amariah – Yahweh says; integrity of Yahweh Amaziah – strength of Yahweh Ananiah – Protected by Yah Athaliah – Yahweh is exalted Azariah ...
The Mesha Stele bears the earliest known reference (840 BCE) to the Israelite god Yahweh. [9] The name of God used most often in the Hebrew Bible is the Tetragrammaton (Hebrew: יהוה, romanized: YHWH). [8] Jews traditionally do not pronounce it, and instead refer to God as HaShem, literally "the Name". [8]