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The United States Environmental Protection Agency defines PFAS in the Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List 5 as substances that contain "at least one of the following three structures: R−CF 2 −CF(R')R", where both the −CF 2 − and −CF− moieties are saturated carbons, and none of the R groups can be hydrogen; R−CF 2 −O−CF 2 ...
March 2018 The United States Department of Defense's (DoD)'s report to Congress said that test that they conducted showed that the amount of PFAS chemicals in water supplies near 126 DoD facilities, "exceeded the current safety guidelines". [71] The DoD has "used foam containing" PFAS chemicals "in exercises at bases across the country".
The CompTox Chemicals Dashboard is a freely accessible online database created and maintained by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The database provides access to multiple types of data including physicochemical properties, environmental fate and transport, exposure, usage, in vivo toxicity, and in vitro bioassay.
The pollutants belong to a class of compounds known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS. The so-called “forever chemicals” − a name attributed to PFAS' centuries-long half-life ...
A new EU drinking water directive issued in 2020 adopted PFAS limit values. The limit values are 0.1 μg/L for the sum of 20 PFASs including PFHxS, and 0.5 μg/L for the sum of all PFASs. This directive is binding for all EU member nations. It is a minimum directive, and member states can elect to adopt stricter regulations. [19]
Flavor-wise and chemical-wise, Spindrift gets some of the highest marks, with 0.19 ppt PFAS, or parts per trillion ("safe" PFAS levels are seen as being below 1 ppt).
The state also set a PFOS standard at 13 ppt. [24] The state had set a standard for PFNA in September 2018, with an MCL of 13 ppt. [25] [26] In August 2020 the State of Michigan adopted drinking water standards for 5 previously unregulated PFAS compounds and lowered acceptable levels for 2 previously regulated compounds PFOS and PFOA to 16 ppt ...
In 2023, the United States EPA proposed "the first (US national) standard to limit (PFAs) in drinking water;" albeit only six of >12,000 such chemicals were addressed. [11] At high temperatures or in a fire, fluoroelastomers decompose and may release hydrogen fluoride. Any residue must be handled using protective equipment. [citation needed]