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In its 2000 assessment of world health systems, the World Health Organization found that France provided the "best overall health care" in the world. [132] In 2005, France spent 11.2% of GDP on health care, or US$3,926 per capita. Of that, approximately 80% was government expenditure. [64]
A health system, health care system or healthcare system is an organization of people, institutions, and resources that delivers health care services to meet the health needs of target populations. There is a wide variety of health systems around the world, with as many histories and organizational structures as there are countries.
The universal health care system was adopted in Brazil in 1988 after the end of the military dictatorship. However, universal health care was available many years before, in some cities, once the 27th amendment to the 1969 Constitution imposed the duty of applying 6% of their income in healthcare on the municipalities. [158]
The Semashko model was established in Soviet Russia in 1920. [6] [7] However, it was not a truly universal system at that point, as rural residents were not covered. [citation needed] The model substantially improved the population health relative to the starting point of its implementation in the late 1920s. [2]
Health care is an important determinant in promoting the general physical and mental health and well-being of people around the world. [5] An example of this was the worldwide eradication of smallpox in 1980, declared by the WHO, as the first disease in human history to be eliminated by deliberate health care interventions.
In New Zealand, a universal health care system was created in a series of steps, from 1938 to 1941. [14] [15] In Australia, the state of Queensland introduced a free public hospital system in 1946. Following World War II, universal health care systems began to be set up around the world
Groene O, Garcia-Barbero M (ed). Health promotion in hospitals: evidence and quality management. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen 2005; Groene O, SJ Jorgensen. Health promotion in hospitals—a strategy to improve quality in health care. The European Journal of Public Health 2005: 15 (1), 6-8; Groene O (ed).
For example, the United Kingdom has an almost entirely publicly funded health service, the National Health Service (NHS), and Canada offers public health care offered at a provincial level. Conversely, in the United States , individuals have to rely on health insurance policies in the event of hospitalization, and a minimal amount of state ...