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Lower Nubia was controlled by Egypt from 2000 to 1700 BC and Upper Nubia from 1700 to 1525 BC. From 2200 to 1700 BC, the Pan Grave culture appeared in Lower Nubia. [33]: 20 Some of the people were likely the Medjay (mḏꜣ, [64]) arriving from the desert east of the Nile river. One feature of Pan Grave culture was shallow grave burial.
Upper Nubia is the southernmost part of Nubia, upstream on the Nile from Lower Nubia. It is so called because the Nile flows north, so it is further upstream and of higher elevation in relation to Lower Nubia. The extension of Upper Nubia is rather ill-defined and depends on the researchers’ approach.
Lower Nubia shown as a list of monuments at risk in the 1960 UNESCO Courier. Lower Nubia (also called Wawat) [1] [2] is the northernmost part of Nubia, roughly contiguous with the modern Lake Nasser, which submerged the historical region in the 1960s with the construction of the Aswan High Dam.
Neolithic settlements have been found in the central Nubian region dating back to 7000 BC, with Wadi Halfa believed to be the oldest settlement in the central Nile valley. [13] Parts of Nubia, particularly Lower Nubia, were at times a part of ancient Pharaonic Egypt and at other times a rival state representing parts of Meroë or the Kingdom of ...
The Kerma culture was based in the southern part of Nubia, or "Upper Nubia" (in parts of present-day northern and central Sudan), and later extended its reach northward into Lower Nubia and the border of Egypt. [21] The polity seems to have been one of several Nile Valley states during the Middle Kingdom of Egypt.
Administratively, Ptolemaic Lower Nubia was part of the province of the strategos of the Thebaid, whose most important local representative was the phrourarchos (garrison commander) at Syene until c. 143 BC (or perhaps 135 BC), when it became part of the civilian province of Peri Elephantinen.
Every nome was ruled by a nomarch (provincial governor), who answered directly to the pharaoh. [2] [3] [4] [5]The area of the district was about 2 cha-ta (about 5.5 hectare / 4.8 acres; 1 cha-ta equals roughly 2.75 hectare / 2.4 acres) and about 10,5 iteru (about 112 km / 69,6 miles, 1 iteru equals roughly 10,5 km / 6.2 miles) in length.
From 1998 there have been a series of excavations in Banganarti, which is located in the area of Old Dongola in North Sudan, it was a Polish archaeological project that was supervised by Bogdan Żurawski. There was several buildings including the main centre building, the seven chapels, the Lower Church and the Upper Church.