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Atlas image: lung_carina at the University of Michigan Health System - "Cast of trachea and bronchi, anterior view" (#2) [dead link ] "Trachea and carina — tomogram, coronal plane" at SUNY Downstate Medical Center Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
There are fourteen numbered nodal stations. Lymph nodes considered to be in the mediastinum are stations 1–9, which are thus potential N2 or N3 locations, while stations 10-14 are hilar and peripheral nodes, and thus potential N1 locations. There are numerous modalities which allow staging of mediastinal lymph nodes.
Second most common primary anterior mediastinal mass in adults. Most are seen in the anterior compartment and rest are seen in middle compartment. Hodgkin's lymphoma usually present in 40–50's with nodular sclerosing type (7), and non-Hodgkin's appears in all age groups.
The X-ray may reveal an obvious mass, the widening of the mediastinum (suggestive of spread to lymph nodes there), atelectasis (lung collapse), consolidation , or pleural effusion; [9] however, some lung tumors are not visible by X-ray. [5] Next, many undergo computed tomography (CT) scanning, which can reveal the sizes and locations of tumors.
These lymph nodes form four main groups including paratracheal, tracheobronchial, bronchopulmonary and pulmonary nodes.. Paratracheal nodes are located on either side of the trachea.
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The tonsils are sometimes erroneously referred to as lymph nodes. Although the tonsils and lymph nodes do share certain characteristics, there are also many important differences between them, such as their location, structure and size. [36] Furthermore, the tonsils filter tissue fluid whereas lymph nodes filter lymph. [36]