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Self-pollination is a form of pollination in which pollen arrives at the stigma of a flower (in flowering plants) or at the ovule (in gymnosperms) of the same plant. The term cross-pollination is used for the opposite case, where pollen from one plant moves to a different plant.
Plant species where normal mode of seed set is through a high degree of cross-pollination have characteristic reproductive features and population structure. Existence of self-sterility, [1] self-incompatibility, imperfect flowers, and mechanical obstructions make the plant dependent upon foreign pollen for normal seed set. Each plant receives ...
However, as opposed to 'complete' or 'absolute' SI, in CSI, self-pollination without the presence of competing cross pollen, results in successive fertilization and seed set; [45] in this way, reproduction is assured, even in the absence of cross-pollination. CSI acts, at least in some species, at the stage of pollen tube elongation, and leads ...
Self-incompatibility: In same plants, the mature pollen fall on the receptive stigma of the same flower but fail to bring about self-pollination. Male sterility: The pollen grains of some plants are not functional. Such plants set seeds only after cross-pollination. Dioecism: Cross-pollination always occurs when the plants are unisexual and ...
Plants adapted for cross-pollination have several mechanisms to prevent self-pollination; the reproductive organs may be arranged in such a way that self-fertilisation is unlikely, or the stamens and carpels may mature at different times. [8] Self-pollination occurs when pollen from one flower pollinates the same flower or other flowers of the ...
Self-compatible (SC) pollination systems are less common than self-incompatibile cross-pollination systems in angiosperms. [11] However, when the probability of cross-pollination is too low it can be advantageous to self-pollinate. Self-pollination is known to be favored in some orchids, rices, and Caulokaempferia coenobialis (Zingiberaceae).
Allogamy ordinarily involves cross-fertilization between unrelated individuals leading to the masking of deleterious recessive alleles in progeny. [11] [12] By contrast, close inbreeding, including self-fertilization in plants and automictic parthenogenesis in hymenoptera, tends to lead to the harmful expression of deleterious recessive alleles (inbreeding depression).
Trees that are cross-pollinated or pollinated via an insect pollinator produce more fruit than trees with flowers that just self-pollinate. [1] In fruit trees, bees are an essential part of the pollination process for the formation of fruit. [2] Pollination of fruit trees around the world has been highly studied for hundreds of years. [1]