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Berke Khan (died 1266/1267; also Birkai; Turki/Kypchak: برکه خان, Mongolian: Бэрх хан, Tatar: Бәркә хан) was a grandson of Genghis Khan from his son Jochi and a Mongol military commander and ruler of the Golden Horde, a division of the Mongol Empire, [note 1] who effectively consolidated the power of the Blue Horde and White Horde [note 2] from 1257 to 1266.
Genghis Khan was born c. 1162, son of a Borjigit warrior named Yesügei, a member of the Qiyat sub-clan; over the next decades, he subjugated or killed all potential rivals, Borjigit or not. [3] By the time that Genghis established the Mongol Empire in 1206, the only remaining Borjigit were the descendants of Yesügei. [4]
Genghis Khan [a] (born Temüjin; c. 1162 – August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, [b] was the founder and first khan of the Mongol Empire. After spending most of his life uniting the Mongol tribes , he launched a series of military campaigns , conquering large parts of China and Central Asia .
Kublai Khan [b] [c] (23 September 1215 – 18 February 1294), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Shizu of Yuan and his regnal name Setsen Khan, was the founder and first emperor of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China. He proclaimed the dynastic name "Great Yuan" [d] in 1271, and ruled Yuan China until his death in 1294.
Kublai Khan (Emperor Shizu of Yuan), Genghis Khan's grandson and founder of the Yuan dynasty. Battles ensued between the armies of Kublai and those of his brother Ariq Böke, which included forces still loyal to Möngke's previous administration. Kublai's army easily eliminated Ariq Böke's supporters and seized control of the civil ...
Chagatai Khan (Mongolian: ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠶ; [a] c. 1184 – 1242) was a son of Genghis Khan and a prominent figure in the early Mongol Empire. The second son of Genghis's wife Börte , Chagatai was renowned for his masterful knowledge of Mongol custom and law , which he scrupulously obeyed, and his harsh temperament.
Orda Ichen (c. 1206-1251 CE) is credited with founding the White Horde; he was the eldest son of Jochi and the first grandson of Genghis Khan.Orda participated in the massive Mongol invasion of Rus' in 1237–1242.
[11] [12] It was established after Hülegü, the son of Tolui and grandson of Genghis Khan, inherited the West Asian and Central Asian part of the Mongol Empire after his brother Möngke Khan died in 1259. The Ilkhanate's core territory was situated in what is now the countries of Iran, Azerbaijan, and Turkey.