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Pi-Ramesses (/ p ɪər ɑː m ɛ s /; Ancient Egyptian: pr-rꜥ-ms-sw, meaning "House of Ramesses") [1] was the new capital built by the Nineteenth Dynasty Pharaoh Ramesses II (1279–1213 BC) at Qantir, near the old site of Avaris.
Pithom is one of the cities which, according to the Book of Exodus 1:11, was built for the biblical Pharaoh of the oppression by the forced labour of the Israelites. The other city was Pi-Ramesses . The Septuagint adds a third, " On , which is Heliopolis ."
Pi-Ramesses: c. 1279–1077 BCE Nineteenth Dynasty Twentieth Dynasty: Tanis: c. 1077–943 BCE Twenty-first Dynasty [8] Per-Bast c. 943–720 BCE Twenty-second Dynasty: Leontopolis: c. 837–720 BCE Twenty-third Dynasty: Sais: c. 732–720 BCE 664–525 BCE 404–398 BCE Twenty-fourth Dynasty Twenty-sixth Dynasty Twenty-eighth Dynasty [9] Djedet
Qantir is believed to mark what was probably the ancient site of the 19th Dynasty Pharaoh Ramesses II's capital, Pi-Ramesses or Per-Ramesses ("House or Domain of Ramesses"). It is situated around 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) north of Faqous in the Sharqiyah province of the eastern Nile Delta , about 60 mi (97 km) north-east of Cairo .
By the time of Ramesses, Nubia had been a colony for 200 years, but its conquest was recalled in decoration from the temples Ramesses II built at Beit el-Wali [58] (which was the subject of epigraphic work by the Oriental Institute during the Nubian salvage campaign of the 1960s), [59] Gerf Hussein and Kalabsha in northern Nubia.
Articles relating to the city of Pi-Ramesses, the new capital built by the Nineteenth Dynasty Pharaoh Ramesses II (1279–1213 BC) at Qantir, near the old site of Avaris. Pages in category "Pi-Ramesses"
Tanis is unattested before the 19th Dynasty of Egypt, when it was the capital of the 14th nome of Lower Egypt. [9] [a] A temple inscription datable to the reign of Ramesses II mentions a "Field of Tanis", while the city in se is securely attested in two 20th Dynasty documents: the Onomasticon of Amenope and the Story of Wenamun, as the home place of the pharaoh-to-be Smendes.
c. 1279 BC—Troy VI, speculated to be the city mentioned in Homer's Iliad, is presumed to have been destroyed by Greek armies. c. 1279 BC— Ramesses II ( 19th Dynasty ) becomes pharaoh of Egypt . During his reign he builds a new capital on the eastern Nile Delta which he, renames Pi-Ramesses – the "House of Ramesses".