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Objections to evolution have been raised since evolutionary ideas came to prominence in the 19th century. When Charles Darwin published his 1859 book On the Origin of Species, his theory of evolution (the idea that species arose through descent with modification from a single common ancestor in a process driven by natural selection) initially met opposition from scientists with different ...
The evolutionary argument against naturalism (EAAN) is a philosophical argument asserting a problem with believing both evolution and philosophical naturalism simultaneously. The argument was first proposed by Alvin Plantinga in 1993 and "raises issues of interest to epistemologists , philosophers of mind, evolutionary biologists, and ...
[23] [39] According to the historian Edward Larson, the theory failed as an explanation in the minds of late 19th century biologists as it broke the rules of methodological naturalism which they had grown to expect. [22] Accordingly, by around 1900, biologists no longer saw theistic evolution as a valid theory.
Johnson was an opponent of "fully naturalistic evolution, involving chance mechanisms and natural selection". [5] Johnson argued that scientists accepted the theory of evolution "before it was rigorously tested, and thereafter used all their authority to convince the public that naturalistic processes are sufficient to produce a human from a ...
As of 2014, nearly all (around 98%) of the scientific community accepts evolution as the dominant scientific theory of biological diversity [1] with, as of 2009, some 87% accepting that evolution occurs due to natural processes, such as natural selection. [2]
Recurring cultural, political, and theological rejection of evolution by religious groups [a] exists regarding the origins of the Earth, of humanity, and of other life. In accordance with creationism, species were once widely believed to be fixed products of divine creation, but since the mid-19th century, evolution by natural selection has been established by the scientific community as an ...
The Blind Watchmaker: Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe without Design is a 1986 book by Richard Dawkins, in which the author presents an explanation of, and argument for, the theory of evolution by means of natural selection. He also presents arguments to refute certain criticisms made on his first book, The Selfish Gene.
Evolution as theory and fact; Level of support for evolution; Teach the Controversy; Wedge strategy; Supporters of evolution: A Scientific Support for Darwinism; List of scientific societies rejecting intelligent design; Project Steve; Clergy Letter Project; Supporters of creation or intelligent design A Scientific Dissent From Darwinism ...