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During the 1970s, mangroves occupied as much as 200,000 km 2, encompassing approximately 75% of the world's coastlines. [24] Now, global mangrove area has experienced significant decline where at least 35% has been lost. Mangroves are continuing to diminish at a rate of 1-2% per year. [24]
The Philippines, with the fifth longest coastline in the world, holds at least 50% of known mangrove species and is considered one of the top 15 most mangrove-rich countries. Philippine mangrove forests cover an estimated 2,473.62 km 2 (955.07 sq mi) of coastline as of 2003, which comprise 3% of the total forest cover remaining in the country.
Their loss would be ‘disastrous’, conservationists warned as a global assessment on how mangroves are faring was published. Half the world’s mangroves ‘at risk of collapse’ as climate ...
Why mangroves can be bad: They displace the marsh habitat that acts as a nursery for some fish and shrimp and where endangered whooping cranes spend winters. ... maybe 10,000 before their decline ...
This decline has led to a negative chain of effects in other ecosystems that are dependent on mangrove forest for survival. [15] In just the last decade, at least 35 percent of the world's mangroves have been destroyed, exceeding the rate of the disappearance of tropical rainforests. [ 16 ]
Mangrove environments in the Eastern Hemisphere harbor six times as many species of trees and shrubs as do mangroves in the New World. Genetic divergence of mangrove lineages from terrestrial relatives, in combination with fossil evidence, suggests mangrove diversity is limited by evolutionary transition into the stressful marine environment ...
[106] [107] Likewise, the 2010 update of the World Mangrove Atlas indicated that approximately one fifth of the world's mangrove ecosystems have been lost since 1980, [108] although this rapid loss rate appears to have decreased since 2000 with global losses estimated at between 0.16% and 0.39% annually between 2000 and 2012. [109]
Yet, according to UNESCO, some countries lost more than 40% of their mangroves between 1980 and 2005. [4] UNESCO's protection of the mangrove ecosystem involves the inclusion of mangroves in Biosphere Reserves, World Heritage sites and UNESCO Global Geoparks [2] as well as the protection of the blue carbon ecosystem. [5]