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Pandas (styled as pandas) is a software library written for the Python programming language for data manipulation and analysis. In particular, it offers data structures and operations for manipulating numerical tables and time series .
A pivot table is a table of values which are aggregations of groups of individual values from a more extensive table (such as from a database, spreadsheet, or business intelligence program) within one or more discrete categories. The aggregations or summaries of the groups of the individual terms might include sums, averages, counts, or other ...
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class function A class function on a group G is a function that it is constant on the conjugacy classes of G. class number The class number of a group is the number of its conjugacy classes. commutator The commutator of two elements g and h of a group G is the element [g, h] = g −1 h −1 gh. Some authors define the commutator as [g, h] = ghg ...
More generally, in measure theory and probability theory, either sort of mean plays an important role. In this context, Jensen's inequality places sharp estimates on the relationship between these two different notions of the mean of a function. There is also a harmonic average of functions and a quadratic average (or root mean square) of ...
The words 1, r, r 2, ..., r n-1, s, sr, ..., sr n-1 are a normal form for the dihedral group Dih n with S = {s, r} and 1 as above. The set of words of the form x m y n for m,n ∈ Z are a normal form for the direct product of the cyclic groups x and y with S = {x, y}. The set of reduced words in S are the unique normal form for the free group ...
Another method of grouping the data is to use some qualitative characteristics instead of numerical intervals. For example, suppose in the above example, there are three types of students: 1) Below normal, if the response time is 5 to 14 seconds, 2) normal if it is between 15 and 24 seconds, and 3) above normal if it is 25 seconds or more, then the grouped data looks like:
In linguistics, a collective noun is a word referring to a collection of things taken as a whole. Most collective nouns in everyday speech are not specific to one kind of thing. [1] For example, the collective noun "group" can be applied to people ("a group of people"), or dogs ("a group of dogs"), or objects ("a group of stones").