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Confederate Units of Indian Territory consisted of Native Americans from the Five Civilized Tribes — the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole nations. [1] The 1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles were commanded by the highest ranking Native American of the war: Brig. Gen. Stand Watie, who also became the last Confederate General to surrender on June 23, 1865. [2]
This is a list of American Civil War units, consisting of those established as federally organized units as well as units raised by individual states and territories. Many states had soldiers and units fighting for both the United States and the Confederate States (Confederate States Army).
[2]: 189 The Native Americans vanquished trained soldiers. [2]: 189 Some other Native American tactics in this war were to hide in the trees and bushes, then wait for the enemy to come so they could ambush them. [2]: 185 After a battle, these people would also go and scalp the enemy, and sometimes steal whatever was found on the bodies.
A majority of Native Americans fought for the Confederacy, in part to protect slavery in Indian Territory, as well as a promise by the Confederate government that it would recognize an independent Native American country following the war's conclusion. [1] A large number of Native Americans fought on the side of the Union as well, hoping their ...
During the American Civil War, most of what is now the U.S. state of Oklahoma was designated as the Indian Territory.It served as an unorganized region that had been set aside specifically for Native American tribes and was occupied mostly by tribes which had been removed from their ancestral lands in the Southeastern United States following the Indian Removal Act of 1830.
In 1864 the unit was transferred to the First Indian Brigade under Native American Brigadier General Stand Watie and fought under his command at the Second Battle of Cabin Creek on September 19, 1864. The battalion surrendered to Union forces on June 23, 1865, one of the last Confederate units to lay down its arms.
The Cherokee Braves Flag, as flown by Cherokee General Stand Watie.. Chief of the Cherokee John Ross was adamant that the Union was not dissolved. However, a highly influential member of the Cherokee Nation, Stand Watie, supported the Confederate cause, and on June 1, 1861, began recruiting for all-Indian units that became part of the Confederate army.
On September 27, 1862, Butler organized the Union Army's 1st Louisiana Native Guard regiment, some of whose members had served in the previous Confederate Native Guard regiment. Free men of color had served with the militia since the French colonial period. But the regiment's initial strength was 1,000 men, and it was composed mostly of African ...
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