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Artificial seawater (abbreviated ASW) is a mixture of dissolved mineral salts (and sometimes vitamins) that simulates seawater. Artificial seawater is primarily used in marine biology and in marine and reef aquaria , and allows the easy preparation of media appropriate for marine organisms (including algae , bacteria , plants and animals ).
The equilibria reactions between these species result in the buffering of seawater in terms of the concentrations of hydrogen ions present. [8] The following chemical reactions exhibit the dissolution of carbon dioxide in seawater and its subsequent reaction with water: CO 2 (g) + H 2 O(l) ⥨ H 2 CO 3 (aq) H 2 CO 3 (aq) ⥨ HCO 3 − (aq) + H ...
To illustrate the amounts of EPA and DHA in supplements, a softgel capsule containing fish oil derived from pollock might contain a total of 642 mg of total fish oil, of which 584 mg are omega−3 fatty acids, with 377 mg EPA and 158 mg DHA. 3 That same company's salmon oil softgel contains 1008 mg of total fish oil, of which 295 mg are omega ...
Marine chemistry, also known as ocean chemistry or chemical oceanography, is the study of the chemical composition and processes of the world’s oceans, including the interactions between seawater, the atmosphere, the seafloor, and marine organisms. [2]
Focused research on oil pollution toxicity to fish began in earnest in 1989, after the Exxon Valdez tanker struck a reef in Prince William Sound, Alaska and spilled approximately 11 million gallons of crude oil into the surrounding water. [6] At the time, the Exxon Valdez oil spill was the largest in the history of the United States. [6]
Seawater, or sea water, is water from a sea or ocean. On average, seawater in the world's oceans has a salinity of about 3.5% (35 g/L, 35 ppt, 600 mM). This means that every kilogram (roughly one liter by volume) of seawater has approximately 35 grams (1.2 oz) of dissolved salts (predominantly sodium ( Na +
Recent research suggests that the predominant pollutant responsible for algal blooms in saltwater estuaries and coastal marine habitats is nitrogen. [85] Phosphorus occurs most abundantly in nature as part of the orthophosphate ion (PO 4) 3−, consisting of a P atom and 4 oxygen atoms. On land most phosphorus is found in rocks and minerals.
Deep ocean minerals (DOM) are mineral nutrients (chemical elements) extracted from deep ocean water (DOW) found at ocean depths between 250 and 1500 meters. DOW contains over 70 mineral nutrients and trace elements, including magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and potassium (K) in their bio ionic form.
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