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The conversion of vitamin D, especially cholecalciferol, to 25(OH)D (calcifediol) is one of the key steps in the vitamin D hormonal system. The CYP2R1 enzymatic activity achieving this process was previously thought to be constitutively expressed and stable, so that serum 25(OH)D was a measure of the supply of vitamin D. [9]
Vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) is produced industrially by exposing 7-dehydrocholesterol to UVB and UVC light, followed by purification. The 7-dehydrocholesterol is sourced as an extraction from lanolin, a waxy skin secretion in sheep's wool. [203] Vitamin D 2 (ergocalciferol) is produced in a similar way using ergosterol from yeast as a ...
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Calcifediol binds in the blood to vitamin D-binding protein (also known as gc-globulin) and is the main circulating vitamin D metabolite. [4] [5] Calcifediol has an elimination half-life of around 15 to 30 days. [4] [9] Calcifediol is further hydroxylated at the 1-alpha-position in the kidneys to form 1,25-(OH) 2 D 3, calcitriol.