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Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus. [1] Signs and symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, deep gasping breathing, increased urination, weakness, confusion and occasionally loss of consciousness. [1] A person's breath may develop a specific "fruity" or acetone smell. [1]
Fluid replacement or fluid resuscitation is the medical practice of replenishing bodily fluid lost through sweating, bleeding, fluid shifts or other pathologic processes. . Fluids can be replaced with oral rehydration therapy (drinking), intravenous therapy, rectally such as with a Murphy drip, or by hypodermoclysis, the direct injection of fluid into the subcutaneous tis
The problem of dehydration in NHS is more profound than in diabetic ketoacidosis. [132] Seizures and coma are possible. [ 133 ] Treatment is similar to that of ketoacidosis, with the exceptions being that NHS requires that the blood glucose levels and rehydration be normalized at a slower rate than for DKA; cerebral edema is possible if the ...
Blood tests for the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis measure glycemia (sugar level), pH (blood acidity), and ketone bodies. As urgent medical treatment is often required when DKA is suspected, the tentative diagnosis can be made based on clinical history and by calculating the anion gap from the basic metabolic panel , which would demonstrate ...
methimazole – used in treatment of hyperthyroidism; methocarbamol - muscle relaxant used to reduce muscle spasms associated with inflammation, injury, intervertebral disc disease, and certain toxicities; metoclopramide – potent antiemetic, secondarily as a prokinetic; metronidazole – antibiotic against anaerobic bacteria
Wilbur and Mary Ida disapproved of this harsh method of treatment. Mary Ida was a herbalist, and formulated a liniment of menthol, wormwood oil, and herbs in her kitchen tub as an alternative to blistering, which she named Absorbine Veterinary Liniment. [8] The couple then founded W.F. Young, P.D.F. to market and sell the liniment.
It is also used in the treatment of high blood potassium, diabetic ketoacidosis, and as part of parenteral nutrition. [2] It is given by injection into a vein. [2] Side effects may include irritation of the vein in which it is given, high blood sugar, and swelling. [2] [3] Excess use may result in low blood sodium and other electrolyte problems ...
The major differential diagnosis is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). In contrast to DKA, serum glucose levels in HHS are extremely high, usually greater than 40-50 mmol/L (600 mg/dL). [6] Metabolic acidosis is absent or mild. [6] A temporary state of confusion (delirium) is also more common in HHS than DKA. HHS also tends to affect older people more.