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Gastritis is the inflammation of the lining of the stomach. [1] It may occur as a short episode or may be of a long duration. [1] There may be no symptoms but, when symptoms are present, the most common is upper abdominal pain (see dyspepsia). [1]
Peptic ulcer disease is when the inner part of the stomach's gastric mucosa (lining of the stomach), the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus, gets damaged. An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer , while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer . [ 1 ]
The ulcer is known initially as a peptic ulcer before the ulcer burns through the full thickness of the stomach or duodenal wall. A diagnosis is made by taking an erect abdominal/chest X-ray (seeking air under the diaphragm). This is in fact one of the very few occasions in modern times where surgery is undertaken to treat an ulcer. [3]
A Cameron lesion is a linear erosion or ulceration of the mucosal folds lining the stomach where it is constricted by the thoracic diaphragm in persons with large hiatal hernias. [1] The lesions may cause chronic blood loss resulting in iron deficiency anemia; less often they cause acute bleeding.
F. Reigel suggests that ulcers are caused by excess acid. [1] Bacillus coli (E. coli) 1906 Krienitz finds bacteria in the stomach of people with gastric cancer. [2] Turck feeds dogs Bacillus coli and produces ulcers. [7] 1907 Berkley Moynihan suggests that acid is a cause of ulcers. [1] 1910
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Peptic ulcer disease; Infections, such as tuberculosis; and infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis. A rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction is blockage with a gallstone, also termed "Bouveret syndrome" or "Bouveret's syndrome". In children, congenital pyloric stenosis / congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis may be a cause.
The underlying cause may involve infection, inflammation, vascular occlusion or bowel obstruction. [7] The pain may elicit nausea and vomiting, abdominal distention, fever and signs of shock. [7] A common condition associated with acute abdominal pain is appendicitis. [8] Here is a list of acute abdomen causes: