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Upper extremity of right femur viewed from behind and above, showing head, neck, and the greater and lesser trochanter Left hip-joint, opened by removing the floor of the acetabulum from within the pelvis.
Lower extremity of right femur viewed from below. Left knee joint from behind, showing interior ligaments. The lower extremity of the femur (or distal extremity) is the thickest femoral extremity, the upper extremity is the shortest femoral extremity. It is somewhat cuboid in form, but its transverse diameter is greater than its antero ...
If there is a fracture of the neck of the femur, the blood supply through the ligament becomes crucial. The head of the femur is relevant to orthopedic surgery because it can undergo avascular necrosis and consequent osteochondritis dissecans. The femoral head is removed in total hip replacement surgery.
All muscles in the lateral rotator group originate from the hip bone and insert on to the upper extremity of the femur. The muscles are innervated by the sacral plexus (L4-S2), except the obturator externus muscle, which is innervated by the lumbar plexus. [2]
Along the upper part of the line of junction of the anterior surface with the head is a shallow groove, best marked in elderly subjects; this groove lodges the orbicular fibers of the capsule of the hip joint.
Left hip-joint, opened by removing the floor of the acetabulum from within the pelvis. Upper extremity of right femur viewed from behind and above. Details; Insertions:
The leg is the entire lower limb of the human body, including the foot, thigh or sometimes even the hip or buttock region. The major bones of the leg are the femur (thigh bone), tibia (shin bone), and adjacent fibula.
By most measures, the femur is the strongest bone in the body. The femur is also the longest bone in the body. [3] The femur is categorised as a long bone and comprises a diaphysis, the shaft (or body) and two epiphyses, the lower extremity and the upper extremity of femur, that articulate with adjacent bones in the hip and knee. [4]