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In computer science, a tree is a widely used abstract data type that represents a hierarchical tree structure with a set of connected nodes. Each node in the tree can be connected to many children (depending on the type of tree), but must be connected to exactly one parent, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] except for the root node, which has no parent (i.e., the ...
In computer science, a binary tree is a tree data structure in which each node has at most two children, referred to as the left child and the right child. That is, it is a k -ary tree with k = 2 . A recursive definition using set theory is that a binary tree is a tuple ( L , S , R ), where L and R are binary trees or the empty set and S is a ...
A rooted tree T that is a subgraph of some graph G is a normal tree if the ends of every T-path in G are comparable in this tree-order (Diestel 2005, p. 15). Rooted trees, often with an additional structure such as an ordering of the neighbors at each vertex, are a key data structure in computer science; see tree data structure.
Trie data structures are commonly used in predictive text or autocomplete dictionaries, and approximate matching algorithms. [11] Tries enable faster searches, occupy less space, especially when the set contains large number of short strings, thus used in spell checking , hyphenation applications and longest prefix match algorithms.
Given an alphabet Σ, a Σ-labeled tree is a pair (T,V), where T is a tree and V: T → Σ maps each node of T to a symbol in Σ. A labeled tree formally defines a commonly used term tree structure. A set of labeled trees is called a tree language. A tree is called ordered if there is an order among the successors of each of its nodes. The ...
In computer science, a B-tree is a self-balancing tree data structure that maintains sorted data and allows searches, sequential access, insertions, and deletions in logarithmic time. The B-tree generalizes the binary search tree , allowing for nodes with more than two children. [ 2 ]
In computer science, tree traversal (also known as tree search and walking the tree) is a form of graph traversal and refers to the process of visiting (e.g. retrieving, updating, or deleting) each node in a tree data structure, exactly once. Such traversals are classified by the order in which the nodes are visited.
Such a data structure is known as a treap or a randomized binary search tree. [ 11 ] Variants of the treap including the zip tree and zip-zip tree replace the tree rotations by "zipping" operations that split and merge trees, and that limit the number of random bits that need to be generated and stored alongside the keys.