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Saint Jerome Writing, by Caravaggio, 1607, at St John's Co-Cathedral, Valletta, Malta. Jerome was a scholar at a time when being a scholar implied a fluency in Greek. He knew some Hebrew when he started his translation project, but moved to Jerusalem to strengthen his grip on Jewish scripture commentary.
The 19th century scholar J.B. Lightfoot identified three possible positions on the relationship to Jesus of those called his brothers and sisters by reference to their 4th century advocates, namely the Helvidian (after Helvidius, who wrote c. 380), the Epiphanian (after Epiphanius of Salamis, 315-403), and the Hieronymian (after Jerome, 349-419 ...
Jesus's brothers – James as well as Jude, Simon, and Joses – are named in Matthew 13:55 and Mark 6:3 and mentioned elsewhere. James's name always appears first in lists, which suggests he was the eldest among them. [77] In Jewish Antiquities (20.9.1), Josephus describes James as "the brother of Jesus who is called Christ".
Jerome, in contrast, argued vigorously for the perpetual virginity of Mary, whom he deemed exemplary for women making (or contemplating) vows of virginity. In Jerome's interpretation, the brothers and sisters of Jesus became cousins, while Joseph himself (in correction of earlier traditions) was transformed into a lifelong celibate to serve as ...
Thus, Jerome concludes that James the Less, James, son of Alphaeus and James the brother of Jesus are one and the same person. According to the Golden Legend , which is a collection of hagiographies , compiled by Jacobus de Voragine in the thirteenth century:
Jerome, Museum of Fine Arts, Nantes, France The Jerome Biblical Commentary is a series of books of Biblical scholarship, whose first edition was published in 1968. It is arguably the most-used volume of Catholic scriptural commentary in the United States.
It's called an ossuary and the inscription reads: "James, son of Joseph, brother of Jesus." Many historians believe the artifact is a fake. The ossuary is owned by antiquities collector Oded Golan ...
In the next verses it tells the story of how James the Greater and his brother John the Apostle came to follow Jesus (Mark 1:19–20). After some healing by Jesus he meets Levi son of Alphaeus who was a tax collector and he then asks Levi (better known as Matthew) to follow him (Mark 2:14 and Matthew 9:9).