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In the early 20th century, scarlet fever was a leading cause of death in children, but even before World War II and the introduction of antibiotics, its severity was already declining. This decline is suggested to be due to better living conditions, the introduction of better control measures, or a decline in the virulence of the bacteria.
Treatment with antibiotics shortens the duration of the acute illness by about 16 hours. [13] The primary reason for treatment with antibiotics is to reduce the risk of complications such as rheumatic fever and retropharyngeal abscesses. [13] Antibiotics prevent acute rheumatic fever if given within 9 days of the onset of symptoms. [16]
Infection of GAS may spread through direct contact with mucus or sores on the skin. [2] GAS infections can cause over 500,000 deaths per year. [4] Despite the emergence of antibiotics as a treatment for group A streptococcus, cases of iGAS are an increasing problem, particularly on the continent of Africa. [5]
Guidance on scarlet fever outbreaks says antibiotics can be given on a case-by-case basis. Skip to main content. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 ...
The ASOT helps direct antimicrobial treatment and is used to assist in the diagnosis of scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, and post infectious glomerulonephritis. [citation needed] A positive test usually is > 200 units/mL, [1] but normal ranges vary from laboratory to laboratory and by age. [2] The false negatives rate is 20 to 30%. [1]
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Two children in the U.S. and 15 in the U.K. have died from strep A infection, a bacteria that normally causes mild disease but can be extremely dangerous.
Penicillin, an antibiotic, is the drug of choice for the treatment of scarlet fever as for any other S. pyogenes infection. For those who are allergic to penicillin, the antibiotics erythromycin or clindamycin can be used. However, occasional resistance to these drugs has been reported. [16]