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Antiphospholipid syndrome is known for causing arterial or venous blood clots, in any organ system, and pregnancy-related complications.While blood clots and pregnancy complications are the most common and diagnostic symptoms associated with APS, other organs and body parts may be affected like platelet levels, heart, kidneys, brain, and skin.
Previous WHO criteria [7] formulated in 1979 put less emphasis on cardiac biomarkers; according to these, a patient is diagnosed with myocardial infarction if two (probable) or three (definite) of the following criteria are satisfied: Clinical history of ischaemic type chest pain lasting for more than 20 minutes; Changes in serial ECG tracings
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities that can occur as a complication from the treatment of cancer, where large amounts of tumor cells are killed off from the treatment, releasing their contents into the bloodstream. [1]
The abdomen, the central nervous system, and the organs (including the lungs) are typically spared, but the extravasation in the extremities is sufficiently massive to cause circulatory shock and compartment syndromes, with a dangerous hypotension (low blood pressure), hemoconcentration (thickening of the blood) and hypoalbuminemia (drop in ...
Fat embolism syndrome occurs when fat enters the blood stream (fat embolism) and results in symptoms. [1] Symptoms generally begin within a day. [1] This may include a petechial rash, decreased level of consciousness, and shortness of breath. [1] Other symptoms may include fever and decreased urine output. [2] The risk of death is about 10%. [2]
Blood culture - This is the process where a sample of the patient's blood is sent to the microbiology lab to attempt to isolate and grow any bacteria that may be circulating in the blood, in order to identify the pathogen. [34] This is helpful if the physician suspects infection as the underlying cause of the nephritic syndrome. [citation needed]
Updated (2023) Modified Duke Criteria for Infective Endocarditis: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a life-threatening condition and the Duke criteria (established in 1994 and revised in 2000) has been fundamental for the diagnosis of the disease. However, the landscape of micro-biology, diagnostics, epidemiology, and treatment for lE has evolved ...
In stable angina, symptoms occur with exercise or emotional stress, last less than a few minutes, and improve with rest. [4] Shortness of breath may also occur and sometimes no symptoms are present. [4] In many cases, the first sign is a heart attack. [5] Other complications include heart failure or an abnormal heartbeat. [5]