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The g factor [a] is a construct developed in psychometric investigations of cognitive abilities and human intelligence.It is a variable that summarizes positive correlations among different cognitive tasks, reflecting the assertion that an individual's performance on one type of cognitive task tends to be comparable to that person's performance on other kinds of cognitive tasks.
Under certain conditions the score of a person at a mental test can be divided into two factors, one of which is always the same in all tests, whereas the other varies from one test to another; the former is called the general factor or g, while the other is called the specific factor. This then is what the g term means, a score-factor and ...
The general factor, or g, is an abstraction that stems from the observation that scores on all forms of cognitive tests correlate positively with one another. Jensen claimed, on the basis of his research, that general cognitive ability is essentially an inherited trait , determined predominantly by genetic factors rather than by environmental ...
Generalizability theory, or G theory, is a statistical framework for conceptualizing, investigating, and designing reliable observations. It is used to determine the reliability (i.e., reproducibility) of measurements under specific conditions.
Guilford graduated from the University of Nebraska before studying under Edward Titchener at Cornell.Guilford was elected a member of the Society of Experimental Psychologists in 1937, [2] and in 1938 he became the third president of the Psychometric Society, following in the footsteps of its founder Louis Leon Thurstone and of Edward Thorndike, who held the position in 1937.
Research shows that although environmental factors influence the g factor differently, it has been found that it is affected if influenced early in life, rather than adulthood where there is little to no impact. [11] Genetic influence has been documented to greatly influence g factor on intelligence. [11]
The g Factor was reviewed favorably by Canadian psychologist J. Philippe Rushton, who called it "an awesome and monumental exposition of the case for the reality of g." [3] Robert Sternberg was more critical in his review, writing that "there is a great deal of evidence of various kinds that the general factor does not do what Jensen claims."
However, Rushton and Jensen (2010) argued that this criticism misses the point because there was no absolute claim that g had been proven—only that the results were what would have been expected if a g difference did in fact exist. Third, arguments based on Spearman's hypothesis have been criticized.