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The Third Dynasty of Ur or Ur III was a Sumerian dynasty based in the city of Ur in the 22nd and 21st centuries BC (middle chronology). For a short period they were the preeminent power in Mesopotamia and their realm is sometimes referred to by historians as the Neo-Sumerian Empire .
Utu-hengal (Sumerian: πππΆπ , D utu-αΈ«eβ-gΜalβ), also written Utu-hegΜal, Utu-heΔal, and sometimes transcribed as Utu-hegal, Utu-hejal, Utu-Khengal, was one of the first native kings of Sumer after two hundred years of Akkadian and Gutian rule, and was at the origin of the foundation of the Third Dynasty of Ur by his son-in-law Ur-Nammu.
The first dynasty of Ur (abbreviated Ur I) was a dynasty of rulers from the city of Ur in ancient Sumer who reigned c. 2600 – c. 2340 BC. Ur I is part of the Early Dynastic III period of ancient Mesopotamia. [1] It was preceded by the earlier First Dynasty of Kish and the First Dynasty of Uruk. [2]
Map of the world around 2000 BC showing the Third Dynasty of Ur. After a short period of chaos following the fall of the Akkadian Empire the third Ur dynasty was established when the king Ur-Nammu came to power, ruling between c. 2047 BC and 2030 BC.
The Third Dynasty of Ur is dated to c. 2047–1940 BC short chronology. Ur-Nammu of Ur defeated Utu-hegal of Uruk and founded the Third Dynasty of Ur. Although the Sumerian language ("Emegir") was again made official, Sumerian identity was already in decline, as the population became continually absorbed into the Akkadian (Assyro-Babylonian ...
Shulgi (πππ d šul-gi, formerly read as Dungi) of Ur was the second king of the Third Dynasty of Ur.He reigned for 48 years, from c. 2094 – c. 2046 BC (Middle Chronology). [4]
Meskalamdug (π©π¦π, Meskalamdùg [mes-KALAM-du10] [1] "hero of the good land"; fl. c. 2550 BC) [2] was an early Sumerian ruler of the First Dynasty of Ur in the 26th century BCE.
Elulu (Sumerian: ππ»π», e-lu-lu; fl. c. 2445 BC) [1] is listed as the third king of the First Dynasty of Ur on the Sumerian king list, which states he reigned for 25 years. [2] One early inscription for an "Elulu (or Elili), king of Ur" was found at nearby Eridu, stating that this king had built up the abzu ziggurat for Enki. [3]