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  2. Citric acid cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_acid_cycle

    Overview of the citric acid cycle. The citric acid cycle—also known as the Krebs cycle, Szent–Györgyi–Krebs cycle, or TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) [1] [2] —is a series of biochemical reactions to release the energy stored in nutrients through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and alcohol.

  3. Biological carbon fixation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_carbon_fixation

    The reverse Krebs cycle, also known as the reverse TCA cycle (rTCA) or reductive citric acid cycle, is an alternative to the standard Calvin-Benson cycle for carbon fixation. It has been found in strict anaerobic or microaerobic bacteria (as Aquificales ) and anaerobic archea .

  4. Metabolic pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_pathway

    [5]: 572 To the right is an illustration of the amphibolic properties of the TCA cycle. The glyoxylate shunt pathway is an alternative to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, for it redirects the pathway of TCA to prevent full oxidation of carbon compounds, and to preserve high energy carbon sources as future energy sources. This pathway occurs ...

  5. Tricarboxylic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricarboxylic_acid

    The best-known example of a tricarboxylic acid is citric acid. Uses Citric acid cycle ... (TCA) cycle or Krebs cycle – which is fundamental to all aerobic organisms

  6. Cellular respiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_respiration

    The citric acid cycle is also called the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle. When oxygen is present, acetyl-CoA is produced from the pyruvate molecules created from glycolysis. Once acetyl-CoA is formed, aerobic or anaerobic respiration can occur. When oxygen is present, the mitochondria will undergo aerobic respiration which leads to ...

  7. Beta oxidation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_oxidation

    Diagram Enzyme End product Dehydrogenation by FAD: The first step is the oxidation of the fatty acid by Acyl-CoA-Dehydrogenase. The enzyme catalyzes the formation of a trans-double bond between the C-2 and C-3 by selectively remove hydrogen atoms from the β-carbon. The regioselectivity of this step is essential for the subsequent hydration and ...

  8. Fatty acid synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acid_synthesis

    During each turn of the cycle, two carbon atoms leave the cycle as CO 2 in the decarboxylation reactions catalyzed by isocitrate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. Thus each turn of the citric acid cycle oxidizes an acetyl-CoA unit while regenerating the oxaloacetate molecule with which the acetyl-CoA had originally combined ...

  9. Anaplerotic reactions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaplerotic_reactions

    In normal function of this cycle for respiration, concentrations of TCA intermediates remain constant; however, many biosynthetic reactions also use these molecules as a substrate. Anaplerosis is the act of replenishing TCA cycle intermediates that have been extracted for biosynthesis (in what are called anaplerotic reactions).