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In engineering, span is the distance between two adjacent structural supports (e.g., two piers) of a structural member (e.g., a beam). Span is measured in the horizontal direction either between the faces of the supports (clear span) or between the centers of the bearing surfaces (effective span): [1] A span can be closed by a solid beam or by ...
Trimmers are installed parallel to the primary floor or ceiling joists and support headers, which run perpendicular to the primary joists. [1] [2] It can also refer to a jack stud that supports a header above a window or door opening. Traditionally, a stud which was less than full length was sometimes referred to as a cripple. [3] [4] [5]
Architects, engineers and builders found it difficult to compare rated capacities and to use fully the economies of steel joist construction. Gable steel joists being erected. Members of the industry began to organize the institute, and in 1928 the first standard specifications were adopted, followed in 1929 by the first load table. The joists ...
[5] [3] As a rule of thumb, the depth should be 1 ⁄ 24 of the span. [5] The width of the ribs is typically 130 mm (5 in) to 150 mm (6 in), and ribs usually have steel rod reinforcements. [5] The distance between ribs is typically 915 mm (3 ft). [3] The height of the ribs and beams should be 1 ⁄ 25 of the span between columns. [3]
Wall framing in house construction includes the vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls and interior partitions, both of bearing walls and non-bearing walls. . These stick members, referred to as studs, wall plates and lintels (sometimes called headers), serve as a nailing base for all covering material and support the upper floor platforms, which provide the lateral strength along a
Depths can range from 9 + 1 ⁄ 4 to 24 inches (230–610 mm) and reach up to 80 feet (24 m) in length, although 40 to 42 feet (12–13 m) is more common. The intended use for an I-joist is for floor and roof joists, wall studs, and roof rafters in both residential and commercial construction. [1]
LVL is commonly manufactured in North America by companies that also manufacture I-joists. LVL is manufactured to sizes compatible with the depth of I-joist framing members for use as beams and headers. Additionally, some manufacturers further cut LVL into sizes for use as chord-members on I-joists.
Engineered lumber can be cut to length and installed much like sawn lumber; the flitch requires shop fabrication and/or field bolting. This, coupled with a much increased self-weight of the beam (11.4 pounds (5.2 kg) for engineered wood vs. 25.2 pounds (11.4 kg) for a flitch beam), decreases the viability of the system.