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  2. Wildcard (Java) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildcard_(Java)

    In the Java programming language, the wildcard? is a special kind of type argument [1] that controls the type safety of the use of generic (parameterized) types. [2] It can be used in variable declarations and instantiations as well as in method definitions, but not in the definition of a generic type.

  3. Java syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_syntax

    A snippet of Java code with keywords highlighted in bold blue font. The syntax of Java is the set of rules defining how a Java program is written and interpreted. The syntax is mostly derived from C and C++. Unlike C++, Java has no global functions or variables, but has data members which are also regarded as global variables.

  4. Command-line argument parsing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command-line_argument_parsing

    PHP uses argc as a count of arguments and argv as an array containing the values of the arguments. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] To create an array from command-line arguments in the -foo:bar format, the following might be used:

  5. Parameter (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parameter_(computer...

    In the most common case, call by value, a parameter acts within the subroutine as a new local variable initialized to the value of the argument (a local (isolated) copy of the argument if the argument is a variable), but in other cases, e.g. call by reference, the argument variable supplied by the caller can be affected by actions within the ...

  6. First-class function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-class_function

    In computer science, a programming language is said to have first-class functions if it treats functions as first-class citizens.This means the language supports passing functions as arguments to other functions, returning them as the values from other functions, and assigning them to variables or storing them in data structures. [1]

  7. Object-oriented programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_programming

    Many widely used languages, such as C++, Java, and Python, provide object-oriented features. Although in the past object-oriented programming was widely accepted, [ 51 ] more recently essays criticizing object-oriented programming and recommending the avoidance of these features (generally in favor of functional programming ) have been very ...

  8. Function (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_(computer...

    A copy of the argument is passed in and the value computed during the call is copied to the argument on return: Algol, Swift in-out parameters by name: Like a macro – replace the parameters with the unevaluated argument expressions, then evaluate the argument in the context of the caller every time that the callable uses the parameter: Algol ...

  9. Multiple dispatch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_dispatch

    Multiple dispatch or multimethods is a feature of some programming languages in which a function or method can be dynamically dispatched based on the run-time (dynamic) type or, in the more general case, some other attribute of more than one of its arguments. [1]