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A telephone switchboard is a device that allows telephone lines to be interconnected, enabling the routing of calls between different phones or phone networks. [17] The switchboard operator was a person who manually connected calls by plugging and unplugging cords on the switchboard.
The telephone played a major communications role in American history from the 1876 publication of its first patent by Alexander Graham Bell onward. In the 20th century the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) dominated the telecommunication market as the at times largest company in the world, until it was broken up in 1982 and replaced by a system of competitors.
Telephone exchange names often provide a historical, memorable, and even nostalgic context, personal connection, or identity to a community. They can therefore often be found in popular culture, such as music, art, and prose. An old 2L-5N format appears in the song title "PEnnsylvania 6-5000" (phone number PE 6-5000), recorded by Glenn Miller.
On December 14, 1969, 25-year-old Diane Maxwell (b. 1944) was walking to her job as a phone operator for Southwestern Bell, but never made it to the building. [1] Later that day, a man by the name of William Bell noticed a man walking away from a shack.
Alabama Telephone Company; All American Direct; American Cable and Radio Corporation; Ameritech; Andrew Corporation; AT&T Communications (1984–2010) AT&T Corporation; Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company; AT&T Broadband; Automatic Electric
Telephone and Data Systems, (through its subsidiary TDS) serves mainly rural areas in parts of 36 states. [3] Altafiber, formerly known as Cincinnati Bell, which serves the Cincinnati metropolitan area, and Hawaii (due to its ownership of Hawaiian Telcom). [4]
PBX switchboard, 1975. A telephone switchboard is a device used to connect circuits of telephones to establish telephone calls between users or other switchboards. The switchboard is an essential component of a manual telephone exchange, and is operated by switchboard operators who use electrical cords or switches to establish the connections.
In January 1878, the Boston Telephone Dispatch Company had started hiring boys as telephone operators, starting with George Willard Croy. [5] Boys (reportedly including Nutt's husband [2]) had been very successful as telegraphy operators, but their attitude (lack of patience) and behavior (pranks and cursing) were unacceptable for live phone contact, [6] so the company began hiring women ...